History
M. Ansari; F. Parvaneh Asadi; M.J. Mahdavinejad
Abstract
Cultural history is an interdisciplinary approach to historiography that seeks to interact with the two main areas of the humanities i.e. history and culture. In general, existing Persian sources in the cultural history domain can be classified into two categories: a) Knowing cultural history, including: ...
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Cultural history is an interdisciplinary approach to historiography that seeks to interact with the two main areas of the humanities i.e. history and culture. In general, existing Persian sources in the cultural history domain can be classified into two categories: a) Knowing cultural history, including: history, definition, theoretical bases, theories and theorists, introducing significant works and, presenting main issues as well as their analyses and criticisms; b) Applying cultural history, including: recognizing sources, topics, methods and approaches and providing solutions. In this research, taking into account the available Persian sources, the evolution of critical studies in the field of cultural history in Iran was analyzed and with respect shortcomings in existing researches, solutions were presented in order to systematize future researches for profound understanding and growth of this trend and its application to Iranian historiography. The data show that firstly there is a temporal dispersion and secondly there is a thematic discontinuity in the publication of sources as well as in this field of knowledge, theoretical foundations, theorists and critics, their methods and examples are not fully introduced and gap of critiques and analyzes is clearly evident. The results (solutions) presented are: 1) Defining an evolutionary study; 2) Determining translation priorities; 3) Providing critique and analysis of cultural history issues; 4) Trying to create the Iranian cultural history tradition by using intra-cultural theories; and 5) Paying attention to the main features of cultural history and adhering to it, avoiding confusion of main topics of cultural history.
P. Sadrieh; Y. Sharbatian Semnani
Abstract
Music, as a subset of the cultural system, has had always a place in cultural and anthropological researches and has been the issue of discussions and dialogues in different school of thoughts from various perspectives such as structuralism, functionalism, semiotics, ethnomusicology, etc. In this study, ...
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Music, as a subset of the cultural system, has had always a place in cultural and anthropological researches and has been the issue of discussions and dialogues in different school of thoughts from various perspectives such as structuralism, functionalism, semiotics, ethnomusicology, etc. In this study, with reference to the functions of music based on historical developments, in the given period, it was shown that there is an interdisciplinary relationship between music and knowledge of cultural history and anthropology. The theoretical framework in this study was selected based on the functionalism theory of Bronisław Malinowski as well as the theory of structuralism of Claude-Louis-Strauss. Accordingly, in addition to the two structural functions of music, namely aesthetics and the expression of emotions, the supposed functions are added to music according to the requirements of the time and social needs. In the proposed period under study, obvious functions such as creating solidarity, expressing symbolic concepts, function in ritual music, normative function, function of creating emotion as obvious functions as well as hidden functions including: Establishing equal communication with diverse social classes; compassion for the victims of the current situation; creating a specific message about action, awakening and stability, according to the discourse of time in the audience and the extent of the message are obvious.
R. Gransayeh; E. Khalili
Abstract
In this article, we declare the preliminary approaches of translation in Iran's history, includes some results of a research about translation trends in Iran’s cultural history, in order to understand any probable relation between the assumed approaches and the socio-cultural changes, in which ...
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In this article, we declare the preliminary approaches of translation in Iran's history, includes some results of a research about translation trends in Iran’s cultural history, in order to understand any probable relation between the assumed approaches and the socio-cultural changes, in which there is two major historical periods, the ancient Iran and the Islamic cultural period. Then the probable relation between translation approaches and socio-cultural changes has been considered and conceptually used as an index for understanding the social functions of translation in those periods, and also finding out any socio-historical role of translation in the cultural history of Iran. The concept of “translation” in this article has been used in two different, but related conceptual meaning: the first one considers translation as the process of rendering words or texts from one language into another, the second approaches includes any reading and re-reading of a culture by another culture, as an intercultural process. Methodologically, older periods have been studied by pursuing the relations between transitional engravings, scripts and monuments. The newer periods have been studied through historical reports. The final conclusion proposes two different functions of translation; it seems that translation in the ancient period is an inner cultural trait; and in the Islamic era seems to function more as a “necessity for intercultural communications”, and also as a way to provide basic needs for constructing a trans-cultural society.
