Social Sciences
M. Azadi; Gh. Azari; M. Iraji
Abstract
Deceptive social behavior undermines interpersonal trust and threatens healthy social interactions at various levels. Academic deceit is also among the common unethical behaviors in educational institutions, which has significantly increased with the technological development. In this article, taking ...
Read More
Deceptive social behavior undermines interpersonal trust and threatens healthy social interactions at various levels. Academic deceit is also among the common unethical behaviors in educational institutions, which has significantly increased with the technological development. In this article, taking an applied approach, deception in a linguistic sociological context is analyzed as an interdisciplinary subject. The analysis of phenomena from an interdisciplinary perspective allows for a better understanding and conditions for problem-solving. The study conducted in a social context within the second-grade girls' high schools in Tehran aims to achieve two main goals: 1- Identify the reasons for academic deception. 2- Examine the role of influential factors in shaping the discourse of deception and find ways to overcome it. A total of 233 students aged 15 to 17, who had experienced being in a deceptive situation, were selected. The samples had similar characteristics such as gender, occupation, educational level, and specific residential area. The research tool is a 30-item questionnaire constructed by the researcher about academic deception, validated based on the seven-point Likert scale and the Academic Deception Questionnaire by Fornes and colleagues (2011). Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software. The research focuses on online classes, assignment submissions, and examinations. The research tools include two scales of academic duty-ethics and academic deception in the virtual space. The results analysis based on the Pearson correlation coefficient indicates a significant negative relationship between academic duty-ethics and academic deception. Considering this result, intervention and educational efforts to increase the ethical commitment of learners seem to be effective in reducing deceptive behaviors. These findings provide valuable information for educational stakeholders whose goal is to reduce deception in academic environments and offer important implications for the ethical education of learners.
Sociology
M.R. Kolahi
Abstract
According to prevalent narratives, firstly, the Iranian revolution was the outcome of the dominance of the religious-traditional part of the society over the modern part. And secondly, it was the same religious-traditional section that took power and had their sway over the Iranian society after the ...
Read More
According to prevalent narratives, firstly, the Iranian revolution was the outcome of the dominance of the religious-traditional part of the society over the modern part. And secondly, it was the same religious-traditional section that took power and had their sway over the Iranian society after the victory of the revolution. This article wants to challenge both of these narratives. From this article’s perspective, the religious-traditional section of pre-revolutionary Iran itself can be divided into political and non-political parts. The discourse of “political Islam” was different from those of traditional and conservative ones which prevailed among large parts of the religion-oriented population of Iran. But the second and more important point is that even the pre-revolution discourse of political Islam did not remain the same, after the revolution and with the establishment of the Islamic Republic in the 1980s. It was found that during the post-revolutionary era, a new discourse was emerging as a result of the conjuncture of the event of war and “Imam Khomeini’s charisma”. This discourse shaped an ideology that gave legitimacy to the Islamic Republic in the sixties, inevitably demanded obedient and conservative subjects and could not remain the same discourse that nurtured rebellious revolutionary subjects prior to the revolution.
Art and Environment
M. Taheri; E. Afzaltousi
Abstract
In achieving frameless art within the scope of conceptual one, the approach of contemporary art is to utilize the technological revolution and emphasize interaction between audience and the work of art, taking into account the environmental concepts. Ecological art, as one of the most contemporary art ...
Read More
In achieving frameless art within the scope of conceptual one, the approach of contemporary art is to utilize the technological revolution and emphasize interaction between audience and the work of art, taking into account the environmental concepts. Ecological art, as one of the most contemporary art forms, represents a new avant-garde style through its treatment of the environmental crisis. The environmental degradation has created a common space for the actors to represent the interaction of different discourses of knowledge, including the different dimensions of science in understanding this issue. By this way, this research is necessary to explain the art-science interaction in ecological art and understand the discursive relations in contemporary art; hence, it is carried out by studying the representation of the interaction between the above two with a critical approach to the environmental crisis as well as the discursive formation in Foucault's reading of episteme. This paper tries to study the discursive formation of ecological art based on science with the assumption of the synergy of art-science as the discursive platform of contemporary art in representing the environmental crisis. The research method in explaining the discursive rules of ecological art is based on the epistemological description in the theory Foucault, which is based on library resources. Using a variety of experimental, interactive, and participatory techniques, contemporary ecological art can regenerate the discursive space of the environmental crisis through interaction between scientific institutions based on scientific research. The art-science relationship can be considered a schema of the epistemology of our time.
Interdisciplinary
H. Danaeefard; N. Amrollahi Biuki; S. H. Fatemi Aghda
Abstract
Critical hermeneutics is rooted in philosophy of knowledge, in general, and in the methodology of human sciences, in particular. This approach is methodologically considered as a qualitative study with the aim of achieving internal understanding in various fields such as linguistic, longitudinal and ...
Read More
Critical hermeneutics is rooted in philosophy of knowledge, in general, and in the methodology of human sciences, in particular. This approach is methodologically considered as a qualitative study with the aim of achieving internal understanding in various fields such as linguistic, longitudinal and experimental sciences. Jürgen Habermas, one of the precursors of Frankfurt School, is the pioneer of this method. In 1981, he published one of his best works entitled “Communicative Interaction Theory”, and added the symbolic aspects of social interaction to Frankfurt critical theory. Thus, critical hermeneutics does not pursue a “unifying answer”; rather it seeks to portray the social phenomena that are derived through discourse. Discourse, as a means of obtaining data, is used in critical hermeneutics and as Habermas posited, the essential prerequisite for discourse is to provide space devoid of any trace of power. In this qualitative study, the researchers conducted in-depth interviews with individuals, and by transcribing the interviews, converted the phenomenon into text. These texts constitute the research data of the study. Then, the researchers interpreted the textual form of the phenomena and represented the obtained results in several limited themes, each of which is further split into certain limited categories. Since the main advantage of critical hermeneutics is developing and reorienting the existing interpretative approaches to the study of management, this paper attempts to examine this approach as a qualitative research method in organization and management studies, and represent its process and key features.
S. Esmaalizade; R. M. Sahraee
Abstract
The main goal of a writer, when he/she writes a text, is to draw the reader’s attention to the text, and to make them converge with it. Therefore, a reading text includes an interaction between the writer and the reader. This interaction in instructional texts leads to a better learning by the ...
Read More
The main goal of a writer, when he/she writes a text, is to draw the reader’s attention to the text, and to make them converge with it. Therefore, a reading text includes an interaction between the writer and the reader. This interaction in instructional texts leads to a better learning by the language learners.There are some markers in the reading texts that create an interaction between the writer and the reader,and lead to a better comprehensionbythe reader of the text he/she is reading and a more detailed understanding.The use of these interactional markers in texts is an undeniable necessity. This study investigates the frequency of using these markers in Persian and English written texts by native speakers of Persian and non-Persians within the Hyland’sInteractional Model (Hyland, 2005), and analyzes the method of interaction between the writer and the reader in 3 categories of scientific articles (Persian articles by native speakers of Persian,Persian articles by nonnative speakers of Persian, English articles by non-Persians).This study is both quantitative and qualitative. The analysis of the data shows that the highest use of interactional markers in the whole corpus is in “personal asides” and the lowest use is in “interrogative sentences”.Furthermore, having in mind that these markers are divided into “stance” and “engagement” markers, in the stance marker category in Persian articles by native speakers of Persian and English articles by non-Persians, the highest use of these markers includes the “hedges” and the lowest useincludes “attitude markers,” and in Persian articles by non-native speakers of Persian, the highest frequency of use is that of “boosters” andthe lowest, like the other two categories, is that of “attitude markers”. Also, in the engagement category, in Persian articles by native speakers of Persian and Persian articles by non-native speakers of Persian, the highest frequency of useis that of “personal asides” and the lowest is that of “directives,” and in English articles by non-Persians, the highest frequency of use, like the other aforementioned categories includes “personal asides” and the lowest includes “interrogative sentences.”
Alireza Aghahoseini
Abstract
The Present article aims at studying three discursive waves of the western Modernity exploring the declining process of political theorization. In this regard, the article will point to the discursive wave of rationality, the Rationality which had claimed to shed the light over the whole of human life. ...
Read More
The Present article aims at studying three discursive waves of the western Modernity exploring the declining process of political theorization. In this regard, the article will point to the discursive wave of rationality, the Rationality which had claimed to shed the light over the whole of human life. Upon the arrival of the Marxist discourse in the second wave of Modernity, a thinking capacity emerged dominant while attempting to marginalize the discourse of rationality. Truly, the discourse of the second wave was value- oriented which in its turn helped the level of liberal theorizations become upgraded. Although the two discourses opposed one another, they were methodologically rooted in the positivist tradition. As far as the methodological tradition of the two mentioned discourses concerned postmodern thinking emerged up to criticize positivist tradition. Considering the third wave of Modernity from the lens of Derridean philosophy the metaphysics of the presence is to be deconstructed and at the same time to be faced with the impossibility of the ethical action. Combining philosophy, linguistics and psychology, Derrida has opened up a horizon for the development of discourse analysis.These human findings are outstanding from two angles. First, these philosophical investigations should be seen as a complete periodisation of western philosophy and second they should be considered as a waning process of western philosophy- surfaced in the theorization of the thinkers of the third wave. In sum, investigating the waning process of western philosophy could open up the routes to native Islamic philosophy. This can be followed in the lense of crisis disturbed the ethical arena of the western civilization.
