Philosophy
M. Mardiha
Abstract
Like philosophy of natural sciences, philosophy of social sciences begins with questioning of the meaning of science and the criterion of scientific explanation. Although in the former, just similar to the latter, the epistemological abstractive discussions are divergent, the practice of science is not. ...
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Like philosophy of natural sciences, philosophy of social sciences begins with questioning of the meaning of science and the criterion of scientific explanation. Although in the former, just similar to the latter, the epistemological abstractive discussions are divergent, the practice of science is not. But in the sphere of social sciences the practice also lakes convergence and the community of scientists does not share the same scientific criteria of scientificity. The problematic of this article is that, in the realm of social sciences, what exactly scientists are pursuing and searching for when they are producing science. Usually, there are, at least, three responses to that question: cause, reason, and meaning. Describing, analyzing, and criticizing those epistemological positions, each of which is a well-known school in philosophy of social sciences, I will try to demonstrate that none of these criteria is able to pretend an absolute dominance in scientific explanation. However, this does not mean that they have all the same value and weight. The hypothesis is that, in theoretical analysis as well as in scientific practice, causal explanation, investigation of reason, and inquiry concerning meaning, are respectively more important and functional in scientific explanation in the area of social sciences. In many works of the most prominent social scientists, we can find some sort of combination of these different points of view that reflect this hierarchy of criteria.
Interdisciplinary
A. Ghobadi; M. Zare Mehrjardi
Abstract
Different aspects of the poetry of Hafez have been studied so far. The material and non-material features of his poetry have been examined in different fields such as literature and anthropology. Due to the influence and importance of Hafez’s poetry, it seems that it can be studied from the ...
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Different aspects of the poetry of Hafez have been studied so far. The material and non-material features of his poetry have been examined in different fields such as literature and anthropology. Due to the influence and importance of Hafez’s poetry, it seems that it can be studied from the perspective of other fields as well. Communications science is among these fields, dealing with how and why communications are established between the speaker and the audience. In the present article the nonverbal aspects in the poetry of Hafez are studied. It seems that the verbal aspects of his poetry are not the only factors that have made it remain popular with the audience through generations; nonverbal aspects have played a great part as well. This article aims to examine the literary work in terms of nonverbal communications in order to demonstrate the skill of the poet in establishing communications with its audience beyond the boundaries of speech; the poet’s mastery over this feature is also culturally interpreted. The utilized method is qualitative content analysis.
Saied abolhasan Riazi
Abstract
Religious places are always considered as important by believers. It is due to people’s faithful belief as well as specific spatial, meaningful structure; signs; and symbols which are in such places. In a non-religious viewpoint, the spatial analysis of these places indicates how the followers ...
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Religious places are always considered as important by believers. It is due to people’s faithful belief as well as specific spatial, meaningful structure; signs; and symbols which are in such places. In a non-religious viewpoint, the spatial analysis of these places indicates how the followers of the religion interact with these places. Therefore, it is possible to find common parameters in religious places such as: glorious structures, high ceilings, culmination of human art in every aspect, special practices in these places. The importance of these places is so much that the continuation of the religions was impossible without them in the history. Thus, spatial analysis of these special places will contribute to a two-dimensional understanding of the place (space) and human. Grand mosque – as the only Kiblah for Muslims and the most important structure in the Islamic world – has similarities and differences in comparison with other important religious structures. Among theconsiderable differences are its simplicity and avoidance of any art boasting and human creativity. Spatial analysis of the mosque indicates somehow the abstract of the Islamic Worldview about God, mankind, universe, life, death, and complicated relations between such concepts and basic words of human life.
