Linguistics
M.S. Ghiasian; M. Vandhosseini; B. Zandi; M.R. Ahmadkhani
Abstract
"Water shortage" and "air pollution" are two environmental crises threatening Tehran metropolis, and have caused lots of problems for the citizens. The question is which organization is responsible to investigate these issues? Is it the Environment Protection Agency, the mass media, or the cognitive ...
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"Water shortage" and "air pollution" are two environmental crises threatening Tehran metropolis, and have caused lots of problems for the citizens. The question is which organization is responsible to investigate these issues? Is it the Environment Protection Agency, the mass media, or the cognitive linguistics? It seems none of them can resolve the problem by themselves, and the interdisciplinary studies are needed in order to analyze the crises from different point of views. So, during this article, we attempted to describe and analyze those visual Images in Hamshahri newspaper (2015) that their main concern was environmental crises. The main question of our study was: "How do the visual images help to reduce the environmental crises using the pictorial metaphors approach (Forceville, 2016)?" The main assumption of the approach was "if there is not any major contrast between the main elements of the approach and the main elements of the visual images in the Hamshahri newspaper, the visual images of the newspaper will have the capability of being received by the readers". In this case, the designers of the visual images will accomplish their goals -reducing the environmental crises. If not, it is necessary some fundamental changes to be done. The study was descriptive- analytic, and most times its results were in line with Forceville (2016). In general, it was concluded that the pictorial metaphors in Hamshahri newspaper had the capability of being understood by the readers. So, the designers accomplished their main goal - reducing the environmental crises.
Linguistics
A. Reza Gholi Famian
Abstract
The hard/soft as well as disciplinary/interdisciplinary divides have been interesting topics in the history and philosophy of science. In this study, these two divides will be revisited in the light of the sub-genre, "article title". The article title is the initial section of any article that readers ...
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The hard/soft as well as disciplinary/interdisciplinary divides have been interesting topics in the history and philosophy of science. In this study, these two divides will be revisited in the light of the sub-genre, "article title". The article title is the initial section of any article that readers encounter and decide whether they continue to follow the text. To conduct the study, 6000 article titles (3000 Persian and 3000 English titles) published in peer-reviewed and ISI journals in 12 disciplines and interdisciplinaries have been collected and their length as well as the frequency of three punctuation marks, i.e. colon (:), comma (,) and question mark (?) are counted. It is revealed that 72281 words make the whole corpus with 12 words as average for each title. The Persian titles are reported longer than English ones, whereas the frequency of three punctuation marks is higher in English corpus. The results indicate that the research article titles have become longer during years and decades both in Persian and English. In sum, the findings confirm that the previous scholars' position on the rigidness of hard/soft as well as disciplinary/interdisciplinary divides are also acceptable in sub-genres such as article titles.
Interdisciplinary
N. Fazeli; F. Koushki
Abstract
The fundamental change in language research, which started with Saussure in the early twentieth century and led to the establishment of modern linguistics, restricted the said research within the so-called central part of language, i. e., the language system, without taking into consideration anything ...
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The fundamental change in language research, which started with Saussure in the early twentieth century and led to the establishment of modern linguistics, restricted the said research within the so-called central part of language, i. e., the language system, without taking into consideration anything that was conceived as external to language as an autonomous system. In terms of its clearly-defined theoretical structure and subject, modern linguistics once again became an influential leading discipline in the humanities and social sciences. It achieved a great deal, but its achievements took place at the cost of isolating language from its environment and excluding the user of language and the context in which language is used from the scope of linguistic analysis. Although this stance has long been criticized by scholars who prefer to see language within a more extended context, it has generally been ignored by mainstream linguists who dominate linguistic circles. However, in the last few decades of the twentieth century, significant changes have taken place in linguistic studies. These changes have brought about a new era, the era of ″post-modern linguistics″, in which the theoretical foundations of modern linguistics are problematized and the way language is viewed and investigated is profoundly renewed. This article is written in a narrative form describing the linguistic change from modernism to postmodernism and in the course of this review it will become clear in which research perspective the two main linguistics directions (theoretical and applied) are located: disciplinary interdisciplinary and transdisiplinary? In other words what is the object of linguistics research?
Interdisciplinary
B. Zandi; B. Ahmadi
Abstract
The present paper aimed to introduce cognitive socio-onomastics, an emerging scientific and research interdisciplinary and a branch of cognitive sociolinguistics. Onomastics has interested linguists as well as philosophers, historians, archeologists, anthropologists, and sociologists. Initially, onomastics ...
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The present paper aimed to introduce cognitive socio-onomastics, an emerging scientific and research interdisciplinary and a branch of cognitive sociolinguistics. Onomastics has interested linguists as well as philosophers, historians, archeologists, anthropologists, and sociologists. Initially, onomastics was a diachronic field and dealt with the etymology of names. However, sociolinguistics, taking a synchronic approach, brought onomastics to the arena of studying contemporary social relations. Since names are linguistic elements in the linguistic knowledge of the individual, formed in the course of his/her social interactions, they are considered vital elements in the study of language and identity. Also, names are part of the cognitive construction of individuals in societies with plenty of social and linguistic variations. Since neither sociolinguistics nor cognitive linguistics can explain the various aspects of names and naming, combining the knowledge of language and the knowledge of society leads to choosing words and linguistic structures in harmony with the social context. The discussion in the paper leads to the conclusion that "cognitive socio-onomastics," as a scientific research interdisciplinary with a mixed approach, account for both cognitive and social aspects of naming.
