Humanities and Development
K. Pasandidehkho; S. Zibakalam
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the current role of education system in helping the process of political development. The research method is descriptive and quantitative content analysis with practical approach. The research population includes textbooks in the field of ...
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This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the current role of education system in helping the process of political development. The research method is descriptive and quantitative content analysis with practical approach. The research population includes textbooks in the field of educating and learning humanities as well as special objectives and programs of secondary school in the first academic year of 2020-2021. Due to the nature of the research and limitation of the statistical population, the entire research population is considered as a sample. The measurement tool was a researcher-made content analysis checklist and the research results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics indicators through SPSS software. In a summary and based on frequencies obtained from this research and data analysis, it can be concluded that: the textbooks in the field of educating and learning humanities and the goal and special curricula in terms of creating and cultivating the examined concepts and components for political development to students have been inappropriate and very weak and therefore it can be said that they do not provide the necessary ground for the political development of students. Also, studies showed that even with this minimal attention, a logical trend was not followed while distributing the components. This means that the authors of these textbooks and policymakers have not paid special or targeted attention to the issue of political development whether in terms of conceptualization or in terms of knowing the components mentioned in this study.
Abstract
In the shortest definition, development planning is a known collective process to direct the existing situation to a desirable one by choosing the best possible path. Its collective character is best manifested in bottom-up and communication planning method, and compared to top-down planning it recommends ...
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In the shortest definition, development planning is a known collective process to direct the existing situation to a desirable one by choosing the best possible path. Its collective character is best manifested in bottom-up and communication planning method, and compared to top-down planning it recommends the involvement of all stakeholders in the process, from preparation to monitoring stages. The conscious feature implies the need of the rule of rationality over a complex process and at the same time involves expert and technical opinions regarding the political tendencies influencing its direction. Attaching development to the word ‘planning’ also brings to mind a multi-order or multi-dimensional concept. All these together determine the complexity as well as human and institutional intertwining of this process.
The idea of compiling a special issue on the 7th Development Plan was proposed by the Institute of Cultural and Social Studies before the government could take the initiative on the plan, and it was initially supported and managed by Dr. Mirzaei and Dr. Mehrmohammadi and then by Dr. Gholami and Dr. Ebrahimabadi. At the beginning, it was speculated that several special issues could possibly deal with various topics with an interdisciplinary approach, but in practice, limiting it in one issue, made both the scope of the topic and the selection very difficult. Finally, the outcome of this collective effort coincided with the news of the preparation and submission of the 7th Development Plan to parliament for approval.
The current special issue, with due attention to the aforementioned limitation, consists of articles on various fields and topics. Although it seems that the damage identified for more than seven decades of development planning in Iran still prevail in the last one, i.e. the seventh development plan. Despite efforts to choose a subject and/or problem-oriented approach, and harms such as a central ruling instead of a plan-oriented one, lack of shape and image and format of the plan (as is evident in the plans of all countries with a history of planning in Iran, just like China, India, and Turkey) and the selection of ruling-oriented governance on the content of the development plan, the lack of systematic and effective participation of stakeholders and other cases, and the fate of the plan is predictable, but scientific and expert opinions to influence this path and content, any time, is an action that every institution should do according to its standard. And this issue is also a small effort in this stable and permanent path. In the preparation and compilation of this special issue, apart from the support of officials and managers of the institute and the participation of the authors with their scientific articles and esteemed referees, Ms. Shah Alizadeh and Mr. Noormohammadi have continuously followed up, and therefore it is necessary to express gratitude to all and appreciate their efforts in this regard.
Interdisciplinary
M. Hasanpur
Abstract
The connection between photography and history as the most important emerging interdisciplinary issue of the 19th century has been direct but challenging. The characteristics of both disciplines are present in cross-sectional recording of time, emphasis on the objectivity of time (historical text, and ...
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The connection between photography and history as the most important emerging interdisciplinary issue of the 19th century has been direct but challenging. The characteristics of both disciplines are present in cross-sectional recording of time, emphasis on the objectivity of time (historical text, and photographic record), and quality of reference to the past. After the invention of photography, however, the practice of historical review and retrieval of past memories found a product-oriented quality and and photographs revealed access to historical content as the touch of a seemingly simple everyday object. Therefore, in the present article, based on the historical analysis method, we try to give an ideological link to photography and history based on the views of 20th century philosophers and critics, and respond to this question: Which of the photographic characteristics has been present in the "evolution" and "advancement" of the contemporary history? The importance of this research lies in the fact that photography, while deeply connected to history, is virtually ubiquitous and accessible to the present media and the public, and that is why disciplines such as Modern Social History or Oral History might not have been able to spread without the advent of photography. The result is that the authenticity of historical data is linked to these photographic identities as evidence or an example for objective comparison, and in practice, history today as what happened in a particular time and space is always imbued with the essence of photographic references.
Interdisciplinary epistemology
R. Moussavi Khorshidi; M.H. Sharifzadegan
Abstract
"Relational perspectives" have been proposed since the 1990s as an alternative approach to the philosophical foundations of social sciences, rejecting hierarchical or binary modes of thought of conventional traditions and avoiding deficiencies of moderate theories. Emphasizing "complexity", "interconnectivity" ...
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"Relational perspectives" have been proposed since the 1990s as an alternative approach to the philosophical foundations of social sciences, rejecting hierarchical or binary modes of thought of conventional traditions and avoiding deficiencies of moderate theories. Emphasizing "complexity", "interconnectivity" and "uncertainty" of the world, these views provide accounts of human and social dynamics and processes of "becoming". The latest of these perspectives is "flat ontology" or "deep relationalism". This article provides a comprehensive account of the "flat ontology" concept, its key ideas, and fundamental assumptions through the Research Synthesis, and explores its contributions to co-disciplinary, often suffering from eclectic gaps and the absence of a coherent methodological framework. "Flat ontology" implies "relationality," "multiplicity," "heterogeneity," "contingency," and "spatiotemporality" of reality; and regards entities in a deeply relational way, as dynamic intertwined associations and configurations. This perspective proposes a fluid interpretation of "power", whether among humans or between human and non-human entities, and responds to critical concerns about the necessity of social and environmental inclusiveness. Recent global crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic and climate change confirm the validity of this perspective. According to this view, knowledge fields are deeply interconnected, underscoring the necessity of the co-disciplinary, including multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary. Furthermore, flat ontology redefines the philosophical foundations of the co-disciplinary, towards the transdisciplinarity. Applying such a perspective is important and necessary both in social sciences, which deal with social phenomena, and in public decision -making which prescribes generally in a co-disciplinary way.
N. Fazeli
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis in Iran has drawn the attention of academic scholars in all fields of knowledge. The researchers of humanities and social sciences as the same as the scholars of medical sciences and epidemiologists have been trying to participate in the whole process of crisis management. There have ...
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The COVID-19 crisis in Iran has drawn the attention of academic scholars in all fields of knowledge. The researchers of humanities and social sciences as the same as the scholars of medical sciences and epidemiologists have been trying to participate in the whole process of crisis management. There have been published an enormous number of books and articles in the scopes of sociology, history, philosophy, linguistics, psychology, anthropology, economics, management, literature, geography, politics, theology etc. in Farsi, English, and other languages by Iranian and non-Iranian authors and researchers. This plethora of literature indicates that the Corona crisis is an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary phenomenon so that we cannot face that with disciplinary viewpoints. Besides, during the last few months, humanities and social sciences have proved their abilities and values to serve the society in critical situations. The scholars of these areas of knowledge have been involved in academic studies and activities, which their results have been digitally published for the public. These scholars, as social actors, have also been participating in volunteering and civic activities to provide help for the people. Articles published in this issue of the journal of interdisciplinary studies in humanities are parts of that huge job.
Demography
Ramin Taghavi; A. Ahmadi; A. Mirfardi; M. Rajabi
Abstract
In recent decades, many values and social norms in Iran have undergone changes and transformations in parallel with widespread changes around the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of developmental idealism beliefs on styles the spouse selection among youths. The research method ...
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In recent decades, many values and social norms in Iran have undergone changes and transformations in parallel with widespread changes around the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of developmental idealism beliefs on styles the spouse selection among youths. The research method is based on a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. As a matter of fact, the data was collected through a survey of 608 young people in Yasuj. Findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between the variables of religiosity, developmental idealism, gender attitudes, and attitudes toward the spouse selection. The variables of materialism, cyberspace and Internet use as well as individualism did not have significant relationship with spouse selection styles. According to the final research model, the five variables that were most related to the spouse selection were in accordance with their importance i.e., religiosity, developmental idealism, age and education of the parents. Based on the final model of path analysis, the variables of age, religiosity of parents' education and gender attitudes have had a direct effect on spouse selection styles. The variables of individualism being male, cyberspace use, and attitudes toward marriage have indirectly influenced selection styles through developmental idealism.
7th Development Plan in Iran
S. Pesarane Razagh
Abstract
This article seeks to show the position of "social dimensions of quality of life" in the development plans after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The article is interdisciplinary in nature since it combines socio-economic issues of development affecting the quality of life. In this regard, ...
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This article seeks to show the position of "social dimensions of quality of life" in the development plans after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The article is interdisciplinary in nature since it combines socio-economic issues of development affecting the quality of life. In this regard, the social dimension includes "social-economic security", "social cohesion", "social integration", "social empowerment" and "social sustainability". The main purpose of this article is to answer two questions i.e. "In which development plans more attention has been paid to social aspects of the quality of life?" and, "Which of the social dimensions of quality of life have been considered in development plans?" “Content Analysis Method” has been used to analyze the concept in the text pointing to development plans. The main findings in relation to the aforementioned questions were: “The Fourth Plan” and "Economic-Social Security". Other significant results were: The highest and the lowest presence of each of the social dimensions of quality of life in development plans.
Future Studies of Higher Education
A. Paya; H. Ebrahimabadi
Abstract
Much has been written about the future of universities. One can safely assume that experts will continue to present their views concerning this important issue in a bid to inform and enlighten policymakers as well as the public. In this paper, we try to deal with some aspects of the future of universities ...
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Much has been written about the future of universities. One can safely assume that experts will continue to present their views concerning this important issue in a bid to inform and enlighten policymakers as well as the public. In this paper, we try to deal with some aspects of the future of universities not much discussed by other researchers. Following a brief introduction to one of the important issues related to the higher education systems, i.e., the issue of conceptual changes, developments in the social and cultural contexts, and technological advances all in relation to higher education, we turn our attention to the problem of the decline of current models of university. We next discuss the impact of emergent (NBIC) technologies on the modes of teaching in future. In the last section we provide our own account of the future of the university in Iran and highlight some of the conditions necessary for its realization.
Hedayatollah Etemadizade; Mohammad Javad Liaghatdar; Ahmadreza Nasr; Nematollah Mosapour
Abstract
Different developments in recent years have provided protection for participative and interdisciplinary research from research and educational institutes and other organizations which invest in research. Because of the need for having a comprehensive look in solving problems and understanding complexities ...
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Different developments in recent years have provided protection for participative and interdisciplinary research from research and educational institutes and other organizations which invest in research. Because of the need for having a comprehensive look in solving problems and understanding complexities and also multidimensionality of problems which societies encounter some special ideas have evolved. Based on these ideas if researchers who are involved in one discipline, without being helped from experts of other disciplines, may come to ineffective solutions without sufficient consideration in all aspects of the problems. So research policy makers have come to these conclusions that: first, researches relating to social problems should be conducted with helps of researchers from other scientific fields. Second, researchers should work cooperatively and having interaction with each other. Third, their research finding should be so integrated that as much as possible a comprehensive and agreeable solution could be advanced. And finally, all above said will be achieved through interdisciplinary research. In this paper, based on validated scientific texts, authors have tried to provide a comprehensive look at the nature of interdisciplinary research in higher education. The basic subjects offered are: development of the ways of conducting academic research, moving of academic research to interdisciplinarity, consideration of academic disciplines for understanding interdisciplinary research, considering the nature of interdisciplinary research, early and late interdisciplinarity, and the motives of reflection of interdisciplinarity in policy making.
Hosein Hataminezhad
Abstract
Interdisciplinary sciences emerging and specialization were result of historical conditions. Lack of common and grand theories have caused social sciences such as Geography disintegrated to many courses. The Geography science has been divided two main courses, Physical and Human through the time. Every ...
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Interdisciplinary sciences emerging and specialization were result of historical conditions. Lack of common and grand theories have caused social sciences such as Geography disintegrated to many courses. The Geography science has been divided two main courses, Physical and Human through the time. Every one used another similar science in theoretical principles and methodologies for their domain development and strengthening of their bases. The Human Geography was influenced by Anthropology during nineteenth century and was affected by nineteenth century and dawn twentieth century by Sociology and from mid twentieth century until present time by Biological sciences, Psychology, Political economics and social theories. Radical Geography was one of the Human Geography branches that was influenced by Political economics and left ideology. Radical Geography emphasizes on investigation about quality of life in different spaces and attempts to change socio-economic and spatial relationships, therefore critical Geography is one of its similar approaches.
Mohammad Ahmasi; Samad Rasoolzadeaghdam; Yousof Mohammadifar
Abstract
In most of the major development strategies and plans, a special emphasis on the production of knowledge and turn it into goods and services used by the community, though in some fields of knowledge, such as basic sciences, qualitative and quantitative growth of the documents have been good, but the ...
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In most of the major development strategies and plans, a special emphasis on the production of knowledge and turn it into goods and services used by the community, though in some fields of knowledge, such as basic sciences, qualitative and quantitative growth of the documents have been good, but the relationship between science and practice in the Humanities is one of the major issues, which in recent decades, many disputes and debates to look for. In this regard, this study tries to investigate factors related to using research findings in Humanities and social sciences in organizations and provide appropriate solutions. Research methods used in this research, the survey on which the impact of the four indices of potential acceptor, properties of organization; properties of research and communication characteristics, as "predictor" variables on the application of the results of research, as the "criterion variable" examined. In summary the results of the research indicate that four variables hsve determinant and significant effects on lack of using research finding. However, between these factors, the most important characteristics of the potential acceptor by 83.6 percent has the greatest impact.
Moslem Abasi; Narges Tajik
Abstract
Political thought is ideas about how to organize the political aspect of the human life. Because of the different aspects of human affairs, interdisciplinary approach will be more useful to understand and study political ...
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Political thought is ideas about how to organize the political aspect of the human life. Because of the different aspects of human affairs, interdisciplinary approach will be more useful to understand and study political thoughts. To improve Thomas Spragens’s theory, In this paper we have adopted Skinner's Hermeneutics, psychologicalcriticismandstylisticsas methods fordealingwith political textsandideas; and also Erik Erikson’s life – span theory to studythe role of personality in formation ofpolitical thinkers’ ideas.
Mohammad Reza Nili Ahmadabadi
Abstract
Despite its quantitative growth, higher education system is unable to solve social problems. The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology has taken many decisions to review curricula, but they have not been useful and we still teach educational courses in the traditional way. Identifying reasons ...
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Despite its quantitative growth, higher education system is unable to solve social problems. The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology has taken many decisions to review curricula, but they have not been useful and we still teach educational courses in the traditional way. Identifying reasons behind failure of plans, trying to reach a common understanding of interdisciplinary subjects, correcting understanding of educational courses and preparing teachers and professors to look at specialized courses in a systematic way while avoiding of concentration on a single specialty, are inevitable solutions for social problems. In this study, theoretical basis of interdisciplinary knowledge has been examined by emphasis on educational sciences and its various aspects as seen by educational experts.
Ahmad Mirabedini
Abstract
It is just human being who can understand Transformation, and accept it to maintain the status quo. Communication is the main device for transformation. Man accepts communication and transformation in order to use them in maintaining his/her integrity. Formulating and modeling sciences through invention ...
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It is just human being who can understand Transformation, and accept it to maintain the status quo. Communication is the main device for transformation. Man accepts communication and transformation in order to use them in maintaining his/her integrity. Formulating and modeling sciences through invention of new fields, interdisciplines, and disciplines, communication and information technologies help prepetuation of human life, especially according to the environmental matters. Communication is itself transformed simultaneously in relation and in proportion to these transformations.
Seyyed Mahdi Sajjadi; Soolmaz Nourabadi
Abstract
One of the issues in educational systems is the use of «interdisciplinary approach”. Interdisciplinary studies are intending to integrate, combine and interact the knowledge and skills in various related fields, which have been put to frequent use to enhance the understanding of studied issues ...
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One of the issues in educational systems is the use of «interdisciplinary approach”. Interdisciplinary studies are intending to integrate, combine and interact the knowledge and skills in various related fields, which have been put to frequent use to enhance the understanding of studied issues from every possible angle, develop the ability to fully analyze matters, provoke critical thought, encourage creativity and so on. On the other hand, philosophy of education as a one of the fields of human knowledge deals with these concepts. Successful development of interdisciplinary approach occurs when the results enjoy validity and the approach itself reflects understanding of the issues and presents realistic viable solutions. In other words, interdisciplinary approach is considered to be successful along with the efficient use of the experience, knowledge, skills, and approaches of the related fields. This article employing the analytical – descriptive method tries to investigate how and in what areas philosophy of education can be integrated into other fields of study (theoretical or practical), given the use of the interdisciplinary approach. Since the philosophy of education is discussed as the core of most humanities disciplines, knowledge areas such as linguistics, psychology, sociology, art and religion have been touched with the help of a deductive approach. The findings indicate that given the complex nature of human beings and the extent of education, dealing with issues of the humanities is out of the scope of one particular discipline and therefore, using an interdisciplinary approach is essential.
Mojgan Mohammadi; Kurosh Fathi Vajargah
Abstract
In general, all of the definitions of interdisciplinary curriculum include:(A combination of subjects, An emphasis on projects, Sources that go beyond textbooks, Relationships among concepts,Thematic units as organizing principles, Flexible schedules, Flexible student groupings). The interdisciplinary ...
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In general, all of the definitions of interdisciplinary curriculum include:(A combination of subjects, An emphasis on projects, Sources that go beyond textbooks, Relationships among concepts,Thematic units as organizing principles, Flexible schedules, Flexible student groupings). The interdisciplinary study is a reflection of the real world, students become more interested and motivated in their learning. The ability to make connections, to solve problems by looking at multiple perspectives, and to incorporate information from different fields, will be an essential ingredient for success in the future. The aim of this paper was to present the process of developing a model for interdisciplinary across the curriculum.To develop an interdisciplinary curriculum, a district needs an action plan. The plan’s four phases: conducting internal and external action research, developing a proposal, implementing and monitoring a pilot unit, and adopting the program, can be accomplished over a three-year period.
S. R. Shakeri
Abstract
Interdisciplinary can be considered as an advantage when it has a certain relation with scientific and epistemic facilities in a society. In contemporary Iran, some of these facilities are the heritage of our religious intellectualism, and considering interdisciplinary phenomenon, they may be used in ...
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Interdisciplinary can be considered as an advantage when it has a certain relation with scientific and epistemic facilities in a society. In contemporary Iran, some of these facilities are the heritage of our religious intellectualism, and considering interdisciplinary phenomenon, they may be used in scientific and methodological fields, and somehow in academic policy-making. The heritage of Ali Shariati’s intellectualism -- as a thing that cannot be rejected in terms of language, theoretical value, and attraction to students in our thought framework -- contains the basis for multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary thought. Therefore, having multi-disciplinary knowledge, Shariati discuses subjects such as human, history, land, and identity -- which cannot be explained properly using a mere field of study -- in an inter-disciplinary method. The canon of Shariti’s inter-disciplinary thought can be discussed in the concept of “fixed-variable”. This paper conducts a hermeneutical analysis of the interdisciplinary facilities in Shariati’s intellectualism base on “fixed-variable” challenge. The result indicates that interdisciplinary can be a base for making human sciences indigenous in Iran. If we take into account the interdisciplinary based on historical and social facts, the real epistemic and thinking challenges will be revealed and interdisciplinary can be expanded.
Morteza Ebrahimi
Abstract
Relentless efforts of scholars in humanities to strike a balance between the beliefs of human beings about the world and life on the hand, and the issue of outlook on life (world view) indicates that there is a large gap between people’s beliefs and their outlook on life (world view). Thus, it ...
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Relentless efforts of scholars in humanities to strike a balance between the beliefs of human beings about the world and life on the hand, and the issue of outlook on life (world view) indicates that there is a large gap between people’s beliefs and their outlook on life (world view). Thus, it seems that any thought (however metaphysical or abstract), any experience (at any level of intuition), any point of view and belief (however intra-disciplinary or dated historically) is inevitably influenced by the social conditions. On the other hand, one of the most critical problems in humanities is the lack of paradigm. Therefore Interdisciplinary studies can fill in a portion of this gap. Interdisciplinary Studies and coordination of different specializations in the study or a single problem or various problems requires in the first place, an open, coordinated and analytical mind as well as the thought and initiative of the elite. Interdisciplinary Studies are not limited to specific discipline and cannot be limited within a specific boundary. All scholars in humanities, especially in Iran, should be actively involved in Interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and meta-disciplinary Studies based on their deep philosophical knowledge, academic capabilities, historical background and recent political developments in the country. This is because no human social activity is one-dimensional. Interaction between different disciplines in humanities, however, has made it possible for the humanities to follow new topics in all academic areas. Therefore fallibility of human knowledge, its complimentary nature, multi originality of knowledge and moral commitment necessitate a serious approach to interdisciplinary studies in humanities.
Masoud Naderian; Somayeh Rahbari
Abstract
In spite of the globalization phenomenon of sport, club development, private businesses and the scope of the Olympic movement,authority and rising influence of sports global organizations, it is necessary to establish a master’s degree in sports law’s Field?The overall goal of the research was the feasibility of the establishment of sports law’s Field in the master degree of Iran’suniversities from the perspective of faculty members of Law and Physical education departments in university of Isfahan, TehranShahid Beheshti in 2013(n=173). The type of research was descriptive and the qualitative research kind. The requiredinformation was collected through semi-organized interview. ...
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In spite of the globalization phenomenon of sport, club development, private businesses and the scope of the Olympic movement,authority and rising influence of sports global organizations, it is necessary to establish a master’s degree in sports law’s Field?The overall goal of the research was the feasibility of the establishment of sports law’s Field in the master degree of Iran’suniversities from the perspective of faculty members of Law and Physical education departments in university of Isfahan, TehranShahid Beheshti in 2013(n=173). The type of research was descriptive and the qualitative research kind. The requiredinformation was collected through semi-organized interview. 28 people of faculty members, who were in relation with teaching,writing and translation of law, sport and curriculum were selected as the statistical sample and answered to research questions.Respondents believed that, because of the obvious shortcomings in the rules relating to the Iran’s sport law and needs of society,it is necessary to establish the field of sports law. Interviewees were agreed for establish sports law’s field in faculties ordepartments with a combination of courses in law and sports. The existence of professor with doctorate degree in law and sportssciences in the universities was an excellent background for the establishment of this field. In this paper has been reviewedprofessor’s perspective in seven areas: shortcomings of sports law, commercialization of sport, create new jobs, specializedfacilities, independent sports law’s field, short-term training, courses of sports law, faculty member’s qualifications andconditions of Sports Law’s workshops.
Ebrahim Barzagar; Saied Ebrahim Sarparastsadat
Abstract
The present article is the result of a research concern in the philosophy of science in which ontological, epistemological and methodological questions about interdiscilinariness and political science are posed and examined. With this outlook, this article focuses on the question whether political science ...
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The present article is the result of a research concern in the philosophy of science in which ontological, epistemological and methodological questions about interdiscilinariness and political science are posed and examined. With this outlook, this article focuses on the question whether political science or the science of politics is a university major or an interdisciplinary project. As it can be inferred from theoretical preliminaries, an interdisciplinary project entails an epistemological arena (convergence and combination of majors) and practical dimension (cooperation). Issues such as the definition of political science, its subject, its problems, epistemological changes, modern era changes, necessities of life, modern chain processes, activity of social and multidimensional human, plurality of levels, relationship, mutual dependence and dynamisms have made the necessity of field exchange, multidisciplinariness and interdisciplineriness in political science an undeniable strategy. Therefore, political science is an interdisciplinary project; A concept whose theoretical and practical preference over the field of “science of politics” has been indicated throughout this article.
Naseraldin ali Taghavian
Abstract
The major problem in conducting interdisciplinary research projects is that in these projects two methodological model deploy against each other: quantitative method used in natural sciences on the one hand, and qualitative method used in human and social sciences on the other hand. As a result of such ...
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The major problem in conducting interdisciplinary research projects is that in these projects two methodological model deploy against each other: quantitative method used in natural sciences on the one hand, and qualitative method used in human and social sciences on the other hand. As a result of such a problem, useful and constructive dialogue among the experts of different scientific fields seems to have reached a deadlock. The problem of ‘translatability’, too, has emerged out of the above problem. So, paying attention to language and its communicative criteria has come to focus. In this article, firstly, by considering the roots of such a problem and mentioning the theoretical foundations of the both methodological models, the deadlock of communication between scientific fields have been analyzed. Then, from the perspective of the theory of communicative action and universal pragmatics based on the critical theory, it is proposed that applying the method of ‘critical hermeneutics’ can break the deadlock. Not to mention that the methodological model of this article itself is based on Habermas’s communicative research method.
Toraj Zainivand
Abstract
After passing the different limitations, historical-cultural limitations, an approving movement of French school, estudes transversals have been justified by Remak and R. Wellek as a novice field for comparative literature. The field produces a new region, the end of monologue, ...
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After passing the different limitations, historical-cultural limitations, an approving movement of French school, estudes transversals have been justified by Remak and R. Wellek as a novice field for comparative literature. The field produces a new region, the end of monologue, solitude, the analysis of human science, especially literature, other arts relating to human science(music ,drawing ,taking picture, cinema, philosophy, politics sociology…),therefore literature provides material for other arts, knowledge, discourse, and human mystery.The author is to examine why estudes transversals of comparative literature turns into the criticism of methological study, hence some of comparative studies have been documented in order to examine the quality and quantity.
Interdisciplinary
H. Shojaei; A. Musallaipour; S. Asadbeygi
Abstract
The direct bond between the Qur’an and Muslims’ beliefs is one of the important factors, considered to result in a kind of exclusivism in conducting research on the Qur’an on the part of religious scholars in the Islamic tradition of studying the Qur’an. Due to this kind of control, ...
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The direct bond between the Qur’an and Muslims’ beliefs is one of the important factors, considered to result in a kind of exclusivism in conducting research on the Qur’an on the part of religious scholars in the Islamic tradition of studying the Qur’an. Due to this kind of control, there has always been a restriction as to how the Qur’an must be approached. Thus, the results of these studies have been mainly in accordance with the Islamic beliefs and principles, because the researchers have already been fully familiar with Islam, Islamic theology and the Qur’an. But by the virtue of the changes and developments occurring in science and research and the emergence of interdisciplinary studies and also to avoid exclusivism, a larger number of researchers currently engage in Qur’anic studies. Considering the inevitability of this climate, the sensitivity of research on the Qur’an and necessity of preventing mistakes in this field, it is of great importance to identify theological requirements for Qur’anic study in various fields of research. This article, by focusing on the theological requirements for interdisciplinary research on the Qur’an and using library method, tries to introduce the requirements for this type of research at three levels of epistemology, terminology and methodology so as to develop a proper outline for such research and thus alleviate worries about the results of interdisciplinary Qur’anic studies.
Interdisciplinary
F. Mansourian; S. Khazaie; S. P. Shariatpanahi; M. Moshfegh
Abstract
The present paper aims to find the factors influencing population growth in metropolises and thus provide a model for population growth in large cities based on expert opinions. Considering the fact that the multiple factors associated with life in the metropolis, affecting immigration, fertility and ...
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The present paper aims to find the factors influencing population growth in metropolises and thus provide a model for population growth in large cities based on expert opinions. Considering the fact that the multiple factors associated with life in the metropolis, affecting immigration, fertility and mortality, are from different fields, including economic, social, and cultural domains, this article is of an interdisciplinary nature. In the present article while the theoretical concepts are reviewed, the important factors affecting population growth are identified, and then grouped and studied as economic, cultural and social, geographical, infrastructural and urban facilities factors; following that a basic conceptual model is extracted. In this paper, a researcher-made questionnaire is distributed among thirty experts on demography, sociology, and economics. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) applied in this study showed that the “economic factors” have the greatest impact on the population growth in the metropolis of Tehran; and socio-cultural, infrastructural and geographical factors and urban facilities have lesser impacts. Also, in the final prioritizing, of the eleven sub-factors, the sub-factors of occupation, income, lifestyle, individual values and the cost of living, which had the greatest weight, were analyzed. At the end, the final model of population growth in metropolises is provided.
Hadi Khaniki; Mohammad Hossein Panahi; Mohammad Amin Ghaneirad; Zarrin Zardar
Abstract
Media as public opinion formers have crucial role in supporting the growth and development of science and technology . They form media frames in various fields of science and Technology. This paper seeks to identify frames which Iranian television series depict biotechnology. The Biotechnology frames ...
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Media as public opinion formers have crucial role in supporting the growth and development of science and technology . They form media frames in various fields of science and Technology. This paper seeks to identify frames which Iranian television series depict biotechnology. The Biotechnology frames Identified through qualitative framing analysis. To achieve this goal, all TV series of Five main national channels for a five-year period (2008-2013) were considered and two TV series – “Balhayeh Khis, 1392 (Wet Wings,2013) and ” Factoreh hasht, 1387” (Factor 8, 2008) were selected. The central theme in these series was Biotechnology. To identify frames a combination of content analysis and semiotics were used. Findings show that six main frame were used for representation of Biotechnology in Iranian TV series which includes: conspiracy, ideology - spiritual values, scientific progress, ethics, economy and independence.
