Abbas Bazargan
Abstract
Availability of capital, manpower and substantial materials were, in the past, taken into account as the main factor for development programs in the many societies in all over the world. But since the dawn of new millennium, knowledge, spreading and usage of the knowledge has a high efficacious position ...
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Availability of capital, manpower and substantial materials were, in the past, taken into account as the main factor for development programs in the many societies in all over the world. But since the dawn of new millennium, knowledge, spreading and usage of the knowledge has a high efficacious position on the destiny of countries. Hence, the value and position of higher education is inevitable and those kinds of the curriculum and educational planning that are compatible with the diverse and variable needs in societies, would be in priority. In the beginning of paper, first, the aim of evaluation in curriculum would be discussed. Then the evaluation criteria would be reviewed and finally four stages of evaluation of curriculum will be explained.
Ali Eftekhari
Abstract
According to the speedy progress of science and technology during the past years, different branches of science are more dispersed. As a result, there are fewer connections between them in the whole structure of science. On the other hand, solving complicated problems in the realms of science and technology ...
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According to the speedy progress of science and technology during the past years, different branches of science are more dispersed. As a result, there are fewer connections between them in the whole structure of science. On the other hand, solving complicated problems in the realms of science and technology needs more comprehensive perspectives. During the past years, considerable attentions have been paid to interdisciplinary studies, and according to the corresponding needs, it has also been extended to interdisciplinary education. However, it is not an easy task to apply the concept of interdisciplinary education. However, it is not an easy task to apply the concept of interdisciplinarity to various disciplines having different systems. This uncommon situation has made it subject of controversial debates. In other words, contrary to common belief that interdisciplinarity is merely based on the process of mixing different disciplines, it is a complicated issue needing special considerations. The first step is to know different aspects of interdisciplinarity and then analyzing the subject under consideration. In the present paper, the basic concepts of interdisciplinary are described by introducing its common terminology. Furthermore, some essential requirements for performing interdisciplinary programs (in higher education level) are discussed based on solid arguments and known facts. To this aim, the most commonly accepted standpoints about interdisciplinary education are used.
Kourosh Fathi Vajargah; Talat Diba
Abstract
The “Virtual Global University (VGU)” is a new academic concept in literature of higher education. Basically Virtual Global University has been formed and developed to meet needs and challenges of word community in different ways. Having considered as a new scenario or even a substitution ...
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The “Virtual Global University (VGU)” is a new academic concept in literature of higher education. Basically Virtual Global University has been formed and developed to meet needs and challenges of word community in different ways. Having considered as a new scenario or even a substitution of traditional university, it is based on the following components: 1. International approach Virtual Global University is internationally aligned, while simultaneously responsive to the particular context of local and national higher education policy. 2. Technological approach Virtual Global University is technological solution for internationalization of higher education It is online education using ICT and networking and access to world higher education markets is its main goal. 3. Interdisciplinary approach. Through studying the interdisciplinary curricula, Virtual Global University graduates are expected to have the capacity to confront unfamiliar problems and to emerge from their university experience with a set of flexible and transferable skills for different types of employment in world community. In this paper with respect to the above-mentioned approaches, Virtual Global University strategy for Iranian higher education society has been discussed.
Ali khorsandi Taskoh
Abstract
Interdisciplinary activities are in vogue and are used in institutional fields of “knowledge” and organizational gatherings form “education” and are creditable as a new method for knowledge production and educational policymaking. Despite sporadic resistance, “interdisciplinary ...
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Interdisciplinary activities are in vogue and are used in institutional fields of “knowledge” and organizational gatherings form “education” and are creditable as a new method for knowledge production and educational policymaking. Despite sporadic resistance, “interdisciplinary activities” is not a focus of attention for institutions producing and promoting knowledge as well as organizational and social entities concerned with education. However, they are practically facing complex obstacles, serious challenges and criticism. This descriptive – analytical paper which emphasizes on interdisciplinary higher education, maintains that the most important obstacles and challenges faced by interdisciplinary activities in the past three decades can be divided into “organizational”, “professtional”, and “cultural” obstacles, In conclusion, special obstacles and challenges to interdisciplinary programs in humanities have been explained.
Parvin Ahmadi
Abstract
This paper includes discussions on the concept of interdisciplinary curriculum, interdisciplinary curriculum at different educational levels, interdisciplinary curriculum and structuralist philosophy, advantages and disadvantages of such curricula, interdisciplinary curriculum based on knowledge and ...
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This paper includes discussions on the concept of interdisciplinary curriculum, interdisciplinary curriculum at different educational levels, interdisciplinary curriculum and structuralist philosophy, advantages and disadvantages of such curricula, interdisciplinary curriculum based on knowledge and process, interdisciplinary curriculum based on themes, an example of interdisciplinary curriculum, conclusion and proposals.
Kiyanoush Mohammadi Rouzbehani
Abstract
Different developments including technological growth and increased human problems made interdisciplinary cooperation inevitable. On the other hand, traditional attitude to academic fields and specialization has prevented higher education from creating necessary capacities to confront those development ...
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Different developments including technological growth and increased human problems made interdisciplinary cooperation inevitable. On the other hand, traditional attitude to academic fields and specialization has prevented higher education from creating necessary capacities to confront those development and face new challenges. Therefore, one of the necessities of higher education is to foster interdisciplinary skills in both educational and research fields. This paper reviews concepts of educational courses and interdisciplinary in higher education with emphasis on the need to foster interdisciplinary thinking as prerequisite of all kinds of interdisciplinary activities. Then “issue-based learning’ has been described because this new educational method enjoys many capacities to promote interdisciplinary skills. In conclusion, a special model of issue-based learning called “interdisciplinary problem solving model” has been briefly explained as an applied model for educational courses.
Mohammad Hassan Mirza-Mohammadi; Ali Sohbatlou
Abstract
Curriculum has been a matter of interest to analytical philosophers; Hurst maintains that teaching is by nature an activity which may assume many forms. Analytical philosophers believe that educational and curriculum planning is done in a wrong way and the only logical reason for many educational programs ...
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Curriculum has been a matter of interest to analytical philosophers; Hurst maintains that teaching is by nature an activity which may assume many forms. Analytical philosophers believe that educational and curriculum planning is done in a wrong way and the only logical reason for many educational programs is their cultural orientation. Presumptions about knowledge, forms of knowledge and internal relations among them should be taken into consideration. Analytical philosophers maintain that more attention should be paid to philosophical aspects and people should be encouraged to work more in this regard. This issue has been discussed in educational philosophy of London school of thought and by great philosophers of that school, especially Hurst, by delineating “forms of knowledge” theory. Hurst has classified forms of knowledge and while rejecting unity of knowledge, has paid attention to its very forms. He believes that human knowledge has forms which are logical distinct from one another, He mentions mathematics, Physics, human sciences, history, religious sciences, literature, fine arts, and philosophy as seven forms of knowledge. The present paper aims to review philosophical fundaments of interdisciplinary curricula in higher education of forms of knowledge” as seen by analytical philosophers through documentary analytical methods.
Ali Asghar Pourezzat; Ariyan Gholipour
Abstract
In general, it seems that functions of educational systems are more important to people than functions of research systems. A reason for this is more efficiency of educational systems in terms of their explicit impact on people’s lives. As issue-based research studies develop, it becomes possible ...
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In general, it seems that functions of educational systems are more important to people than functions of research systems. A reason for this is more efficiency of educational systems in terms of their explicit impact on people’s lives. As issue-based research studies develop, it becomes possible for research bodies to achieve a similar degree of credibility as educational systems. Development of issue-based researches requires review of research projects and methods used to plan and implement them, thus preventing research process to avoid of prediction and imitation and to seriously seek cooperation from different specialists. Therefore, it should be noted that development of issue-based researches requires interdisciplinary teams to be formed and new management styles and structures to be developed in research process.
Seyyed Mohsen Alavipour; Ali Nematpour
Abstract
Far more long before the “interdisciplinarity” as a concept, become a prominent issue in scientific and philosophical developments, many thinkers and philosophers have investigated interdisciplinary. Erich Fromm is one of the distinguished contemporary intellectuals who have applied interdisciplinarity ...
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Far more long before the “interdisciplinarity” as a concept, become a prominent issue in scientific and philosophical developments, many thinkers and philosophers have investigated interdisciplinary. Erich Fromm is one of the distinguished contemporary intellectuals who have applied interdisciplinarity as the way of investigation. Here, we attempt to follow interdisciplinarity and border-crossing in his works. Studying social and political crisis of the modern society, Fromm realized that it is rooted in human’s psycho-existential characteristics on the one hand, and the socio-political status of the modern society on the other; which only “love” and “creative work” can treat. In Fromm’s view, neither political nor psychological analysis can offer a comprehensive understanding of what is going on in the society; rather a combination of the two. Thus, he believes in the necessity of border-crossing. “Love” as the “psycho-political” is the core of Fromm’s interdisciplinary study of the modern society.
