Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

Manuscript Submission Guideline

Accepted Manuscript Guideline

Guidelines and Instructions

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

The Societal History of Translation in Iran: the Relation between the Cultural History of Iran and its Historical Culture

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 M.A Student of Trnaslation Studies, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Freelance Researcher and Lecturer in Social Sciences

Abstract

In this article, we declare the preliminary approaches of translation in Iran's history, includes some results of a research about translation trends in Iran’s cultural history, in order to understand any probable relation between the assumed approaches and the socio-cultural changes, in which there is two major historical periods, the ancient Iran and the Islamic cultural period. Then the probable relation between translation approaches and socio-cultural changes has been considered and conceptually used as an index for understanding the social functions of translation in those periods, and also finding out any socio-historical role of translation in the cultural history of Iran. The concept of “translation” in this article has been used in two different, but related conceptual meaning: the first one considers translation as the process of rendering words or texts from one language into another, the second approaches includes any reading and re-reading of a culture by another culture, as an intercultural process. Methodologically, older periods have been studied by pursuing the relations between transitional engravings, scripts and monuments. The newer periods have been studied through historical reports. The final conclusion proposes two different functions of translation; it seems that translation in the ancient period is an inner cultural trait; and in the Islamic era seems to function more as a “necessity for intercultural communications”, and also as a way to provide basic needs for constructing a trans-cultural society.

Keywords

References
Āl-e Ahmad, J. (1356 [1977 A.D]). Gharb zadegi. Tehrān: Ravāq.
Al-jāhez, A. ‘A. (1410 [1990 A.D]). Ketāb al-hayavān. (ed: Mohamad Hārun. ‘A.). Beyrut.
Available on: http://cgie.org.ir/popup/fa/system/contentprint/24073.
Āzarang, ‘A. (1393 [2014 A. D.]).Tārix-e tarjomeh dar Irān. Pāygāh-e etelā’ resāni-e Dāyerat ol-ma’āref-e Bozorg-e Eslāmi.
Behmaneš, A. (1347 [1968 A.D]). Tārix-e melal-e qadim-e Āsyā-ye gharbi. Tehrān: Dānešgāh-e Tehrān.
Burckhardt, J. (1389 [2010 A.D]). Farhang-e ronesāns dar Itāliyā (Persian translation of Die kultur der renaissance in italian), translated by: Lotfi, M. H. Tehrān: Tarh-e Nu.
Cesana, A. (1988). Geschichte als entwicklung zur Kritik des geschtich philosophischen entwicklungsdenken, Berlin/ New York.
Charon, J. (1379 [2000 A.D]). Jāme΄eh va farhang. (Persian translation of Ten questions: a sociological perspective), translated by: Saburi, M. Tehrān: Našr-e Ney.
Christensen, A. (1367 [1988 A.D]). Irān dar zamān-e sāsāniyān. (5th ed). (Persian translation of L’ Iran sous les sassanides), translated by: Rašidyāsemi, Gh. R. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Diakonov, I. (1348 [1969 A.D]). Tārix-e mād. (Persian translation of ‎History of media), translated by: Kešāvarz, K. Tehrān: Bongāh-e Tarjomeh va Našr-e Ketāb.
Dordrecht, Kluwer etal. (2001). Millenarianism and messianism in early modern culture, Vol. 4.
Ehtešām, M. (2523 [1964 A.D]). Irān dar zamān-e haxāmanešiyān Tehrān: Šerkat-e Sahāmi-e Ketāb hā-ye Jibi.
‎Fallaci, O. (1381 [2002 A.D]). Zendegi, marg va digar hič. (8th ed.). (Persian translation of  Niente e così sia), translated by: Golestān, L. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Fāni, K. (1389 [2010 A.D]). Noqteh-ye ‘atf ferānklin bud nah mašruteh. Mehrnāmeh, Vol: 9, No:7.
Fārābi, M. (1355 [1976 A.D]). Jam΄-e beyn-e ra΄-y ol-hakameyn. translated by: Meškāt ol-din, ΄A. Tehrān: Šorā-ye ΄Āli-ye Farhang va Honar.
Fārābi, M. (1361 [1982 A.D]). Ārā΄-e ahl-e madineh-ye fāzeleh. translated by: Sajādi, S. J. Tehrān: Tahuri.
Fārābi, M. (1390 [2011 A.D]). Ehsā΄ al-΄olum. Edited & translated by: Xadiv Jam, H. (4th ed.). Tehrān: ΄Elmi va Farhangi.
Faršād, M. (1365 [1986 A.D]). Tārix-e ‘elm dar Irān. Tehrān: Amir Kabir.
‎Friedrich, J. (1367 [1988 A.D]). Zabān hā-ye xāmuš. (Persian translation of Entzifferung verschollener schriften und spachen (Entinct languages) ), translated by: Samareh, Y., & Qarib, B. Tehrān: Mo΄seseh-ye Motāle΄āt va Tahqiqāt-e Farhangi.
Frye, R. (1344 [1965 A.D]). Mirās-e bāstāni-e Irān. (Persian translation of The heritage of persia), translated by: Rajab Niyā, M. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Fukuyama, F. (1393 [2014 A.D]). Pāyān-e tārix va ensān-e vāpasin. (Persian translation of The end of history and the last man), translated by: ΄Arabi, ΄A., &΄Arabi, Z. (1st ed.). Tehrān: Soxankadeh.
Ghirshman, R. (1384 [2005 A.D]). Irān az āghāz tā eslām. (Persian translation of L’Iran des origines a l ’Islam), translated by: Mo΄in, M. Tehrān: Entešārāt-e ΄Elmi va Farhangi.
Hā'eri, 'A. (1378 [1999 A.D]). Naxostin ruyāruyi hā-ye andišeh garān-e Irān bā du raviyeh-ye tamadon-e buržuāzi-e gharb. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Hanāyi Kāšāni, S. (1389 [2010 A.D]). Tarjomeh, Tārix, farhang. Māhnāmeh-ye ‘olum-e ensāni-e mehrnāmeh. Vol: 9, No: 7.
Hegel, G. (1356 [1977 A.D]). ΄Aql dar tārix. (Persian translation of Vorlesungen uber die Philosophie der Geschichte Einleitung.), translated by: ΄Enāyat, H. Tehrān: Dānešgāh-e San΄ati.
Hegel, G. W.(1899). The philosophy of History, Translated by J. sibree, New York: he Colonial press.
Hinz, W. (1376 [1997 A.D]). Donyā-ye gomšodeh-ye Ilām. (Persian translation of The lost world of Elam), translated by: Firuzniyā, F. Tehrān: ΄Elmi va Farhangi.
Hinz, W. (1380 [2001 A.D]). Dāryuš va Pārs-hā: tārix-e farhang-e Irān dar dureh-ye haxāmanešiyān. (Persian translation of Darius and die perser: e kulturgeschichted), translated by: Sadriyeh, ΄A. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Koch, M. H. (1377 [1998 A.D]). Az zabān-e Dāryuš. (Persian translation of Es kundet dareios dar konig), translated by: Rahimi, P. Tehrān: Našr-e Kārang.
Laffite, J. (1340 [1961 A.D]). Barmigardim gol-e nasrin bečinim. Translated by: Nuruzi, H. Tehrān: Negāh.
Löwith, K.(1983). Weltgeschichte und Heilsgeschehen: Zur kritik der geschichtsphilosophie, Stuttgart: Metzler.
Madkur, E. (1362 [1983 A.D]). Nehzat-e tarjomeh dar jahān-e eslām. Našr-e dāneš, Vol: 5, No: 3.
Majid Zādeh, Y. (1388 [2009 A.D]). Tārix va tamadon-e beyn ol-nahreyn dar tārix-e siyāsi. (Vol:  1). (3rd ed.). Tehrān: Markaz-e Našr-e Dānešgāhi.
Mehrin, M. (1362 [1983 A.D]). Din behi, falsafeh-ye din-e zartošt. (1st ed.). Tehrān: Foruhar.
Mohamadi Far, Y. (n.d). Jozveh-ye darsi-e bāstān šenāsi va honar-e Ilām. Hamedān: Dāneškadeh-ye Honar va Me’māri-e Dānešgāh-e Bu ‘Ali Sinā.
Mohseniyān Rād, M. (1384 [2005 A.D]). Irān dar čehār kahkešān-e ertebāti. Tehrān: Soruš.
Momtahen, H. ‘A. (1370 [1991 A.D]). Koliyāt-e tārix-e 'omumi. Tehrān: Dānešgāh-e Šahid Behešti.
Nardo, D. (1387 [2008 A.D]). Beyn ol-nahreyn-e bāstān. (Persian translation of Ancient Mesopotamia), translated by: Sāqeb Far, M. Tehrān: Qoqnus.
Nasri, ‘A. (1386 [2007 A.D]). Ruyāruyi bā tajadod. Tehrān: ‘Elm.
Olmstead, A. T. (1380 [2001 A.D] ). Tārix-e šāhanšāhi-e haxāmaneši (Persian translation of the History of the Persian Empire), translated by: Mogadam, M. Tehrān: Amirkabir.
Panoussi, E. (1356 [1977 A.D]). Ta΄sir-e farhang va jahān bini-e irāni bar Aflātun. (Persian translation of  The Influence of Persian Culture and World - View upon Plata). Tehrān: Anjoman-e Falsafeh-ye Irān.
Pāšāyi, 'A., & Kāzem Zādeh, M. (1369 [1990 A.D]). Farhang-e andišeh-ye nu.Tehrān: Māziyār.
Piotrovsky, B. (1348 [1969 A.D]).  Tārix-e urārtu. (Persian translation of  Māt Urartu (Armenian), māt Urartu (Assyrian)), translated by: Rezā, ΄E. Tehrān: Bonyād-e farhang-e Irān.
Pir Niyā, H., & Eqbāl, 'A. (1364 [1985 A.D]). Tārix-e Irān. (4thed.). Tehrān: Ketābxāneh-ye Xayām.
Potts, D. (1385 [2006 A.D]). Bāstān šenāsi-e Ilām. (Persian translation of The archaeology of Elam: formation and tranformation of ancient Iranian state), translated by: Bāsti, Z. Tehrān: Samt.
Pur Dāvud, E. (1356 [1977 A.D]). Farhang-e Irān-e Bāstān. Tehrān: Dānešgāh-e Tehrān.
Rezāyi Bāgh Bidi, H., & Āzarang, ΄A., & Diyānat, ΄A. A., & et al. (1388 [2009 A.D]). Madxal-e tarjomeh. Dāyerat ol-ma’āref-e Bozorg-e Eslāmi, Vol: 15. Tehrān.
Ritzer, G. (1988). Sociological theory, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Sāmi, 'A. (1341 [1962 A.D]). Tamadon-e haxāmaneši. Tehrān: Čāpxāneh-ye Fulādvand.
Sarfarāz, 'A. A., & Firuzmandi, B. (1388 [2009 A. D]). Bāstān šenāsi va honarvarān-e tārixi-e mād, haxāmaneši, aškāni, sāsāni. (5thed.) Tehrān: Mārlik va (Našr-e ‘Efāf).
Sarkis, Y. (1410 [1990 A.D]). Mo’jam ol-matbu’āt el-arabiyat-e v al-mo’arabeh. (Persian translation of Dictionary of arabic printed books). Qom: offset from Qāhereh (1346/1928).
Tabātabā'i, J. (1373 [1994 A.D]). Ebn-e Xaldun va ‘olum-e ejtemā’i. Tehrān: Tarh-e Nu.
Xalili, E. (1386 [2007 A.D]). ‘Olum-e ensāni-e novin va ensān-e irāni, darāmadi bar ‘olum-e ensāni-e enteqādi. Tehrān: Pažuheškadeh-ye Motāle’āt-e Farhangi va Ejtemā’i.
Xalili, E. (1391 [2012 A.D]). Nesbat-e zabān-e pārsi bā bāzsāzi-e jāme’eh-i. hamāyeš-e zabān va mafāhim-e ‘olum-e ejtemā’i. Tehrān: Anjoman-e Jāme’eh šenāsi-e Irān.
Zibā Kalām, S. (1377 [1998 A.D]). Mā čeguneh mā šodim? (6th ed.). Tehrān: Ruzaneh.
Zokāyi, M. S., & Esmā’ili, M. J. (1393 [2014 A.D]). Javānān va bigānegi-e tahsili. Tehrān: Pažuheškadeh-ye Motāle’āt-e Farhangi va Ejtemā’i.
Send comment about this article
CAPTCHA Image
Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities
Volume 7, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
September 2015
Pages 147-169
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 14 February 2015
  • Revise Date: 23 December 2015
  • Accept Date: 27 July 2015
Share
How to cite
Statistics