Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities

Abstract A battle of ideas on the conceptualization of producing, sharing, dissemination and application of knowledge in universities and higher education institutions is a complex issue that a lot of attention in the academic literature and management areas has focused on.  on the basis of studies, knowledge sharing in higher education as an interdisciplinary field of study that links between the two major "knowledge management" and “higher education" specially in higher education management, has been emerged. Many scholars and researchers have tried to respond to these questions: What are the factors that influence people in knowledge sharing? What are factors and possible reasons for sharing or not sharing? This paper discussed and explored the knowledge sharing phenomenon in higher education in an interdisciplinary field of study and, it has analyzed the factors affecting knowledge sharing among faculty members. The article ends with this conclusion that to explore the knowledge sharing phenomenon in higher education and theorizing in this field, understanding and analyzing the nature of knowledge, motivation and opportunity for sharing of knowledge are essential. The study has reviewed the results of two decades important empirical research in academic environment. Finally, with focus on current situation and potentiality of future research on knowledge sharing in academic environment a conceptual model has presented.

Abstract Entrepreneurship is among the most important outcomes of university development and requires novel management approaches such as "organizational ambidexterity," which refers to the simultaneous pursuit of exploiting existing capacities and exploring knowledge for the future. This paper aims to design and validate a balanced ambidextrous university model for entrepreneurship development. The research method is mixed-methods with a sequential exploratory design. The target population in the qualitative phase consisted of higher education management experts, with whom 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted purposefully. The statistical population in the quantitative phase included managers and relevant faculty members of Iranian public universities, of whom 256 were selected through stratified random sampling and responded to a researcher-developed questionnaire. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while structural equation modeling was employed in the quantitative phase to validate the model. Instrument validity was confirmed using convergent (AVE>0.5) and discriminant validity indices, and reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. The findings in the exploitation dimension include components such as university policies and structures, university-industry interaction, education-research development, budget, and university culture. In the exploration dimension, components include needs assessment and training, forward-looking structure, financial resources, innovative policy and culture, future-oriented management, and strategic innovation. Furthermore, ambidexterity balancing strategies were identified in the form of policy and evaluation - resources and structure components. Factor analyses confirmed the validity of the components, and fit indices confirmed the overall validity of the model. The proposed ambidexterity model, by preventing unproductive stagnation and fruitless innovation, paves the way for university-centered entrepreneurship development and, through establishing an effective linkage between university and industry, lays the groundwork for the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems within universities.