Architecture
H. Pirbabaei; M. Gharehbaglou; M.A. Kaymejad
Abstract
Architecture, as a knowledge that provides a suitable space for human life, is so intertwined with the various dimensions of human existence that any creativity in it due to its vastness and complexity, inevitably pay attention to a wide range of disciplines and fields of knowledge. Thus, creativity ...
Read More
Architecture, as a knowledge that provides a suitable space for human life, is so intertwined with the various dimensions of human existence that any creativity in it due to its vastness and complexity, inevitably pay attention to a wide range of disciplines and fields of knowledge. Thus, creativity in architecture is inherently an interdisciplinary category, and any analysis and evaluation will be inefficient and ineffective without considering this feature. This descriptive-analytical research aims to provide an interdisciplinary model for measuring the architectural creativity using the logical reasoning process. According to its findings, measuring the creativity of architecture with an interdisciplinary approach is the application of different sciences to achieve an integrated knowledge in order to evaluate the novelty of solutions offered by architecture to meet different human needs to live in that space. Accordingly, creativity has two basic dimensions of innovation and usefulness. According to the model proposed in this article, in order to measure architectural creativity, first the human needs and desires of an architecture with a specific use should be determined, then the level of satisfaction with its responses should be measured according to the needs. In the next stage, architectural innovation is evaluated to meet these needs in a 7-step range of materials used (minimum innovation) to create a new function (maximum innovation).
Architecture
H. Rahmani; M.R. Pourzargar; B. Mansouri
Abstract
The contemporary architectural knowledge is affected by the dominance of centrist hegemonies as well as the swarm of information technology that have captured the human soul and consequently led to the crystallization of new forms of individual creations other than the actual creativity. This study aims ...
Read More
The contemporary architectural knowledge is affected by the dominance of centrist hegemonies as well as the swarm of information technology that have captured the human soul and consequently led to the crystallization of new forms of individual creations other than the actual creativity. This study aims at changing the learning process of human architect by freeing the mind from the accumulated information and reading of effective teachings handed down through human lived experiences that embrace spirit and emotions. This study has been carried out through a documentary research method to identify the relationship of humans with the environment and examine the works of phenomenologists in the domains of human, mind and imagination as well as the within-border roots contributing to connect humans with native phenomenon such as literature. Going through ontology and Axialism attitudes, we could infer the lost facets of “how to become human”. The intellectual-philosophical movement of phenomenology, which emerged at the dawn of the twentieth century, considered lived experience as the basis of ontology. Thereafter, it was rerouted from pure philosophy to the realm of “thought” hence, it found its way into schools of architecture by establishing a multi-faceted link between disciplines and lived experiences. The findings revealed the self-discovered process of “human architect” in acquiring experiences toward creating human architectural phenomena. This was studied from two aspects: reading rich sources and within-border roots; and learning of “how to think” as a universal viewpoint. The reading of Hafez’s poetry and his lived experience in the process of learning architecture contributes to self-discovery and mental purification and human, in this way, gains consciousness.
Architecture
S.M. Fazelian; S.R. Eqbali
Abstract
Islamic architecture is considered as an important and significant historical tradition. For Iranians, this tradition is more than historical and is mentioned as a part of the identity of architecture in Islamic Iran. Many theories have tried to explain Islamic architecture but could only determine a ...
Read More
Islamic architecture is considered as an important and significant historical tradition. For Iranians, this tradition is more than historical and is mentioned as a part of the identity of architecture in Islamic Iran. Many theories have tried to explain Islamic architecture but could only determine a part of its coordination possibly due to their adopted methods. These theories have lost their capability of effective application because they have neglected the practical and concrete aspects (which all can be named under the title of “lifestyle”). The goal of this article is to include the concept of lifestyle in the definition of Islamic architecture, after presenting and criticizing theories mentioned in the research literature. This article emphasizes that lifestyle is the missing element of theories on Islamic architecture and that Islamic architecture can be applicable in the social life of the Iranians by including lifestyle in its definition.
Political Sciences
M.M. Raeesi
Abstract
Secularism is one of the most important components of west contemporary civilization. The role of this system of thought, which emerged as a reaction against the function of religious institutions in the West, especially the church in the Middle Ages, is so prominent in contemporary civilization that ...
Read More
Secularism is one of the most important components of west contemporary civilization. The role of this system of thought, which emerged as a reaction against the function of religious institutions in the West, especially the church in the Middle Ages, is so prominent in contemporary civilization that its effects on political, social, cultural conditions and relationships can be clearly identified, and the geography of Iran is no exception. After a brief introduction and brief explanation of the foundations of secularism, this paper focuses on the issue of the effects of secularism on contemporary architecture and urban planning, and in particular the physical-spatial transformations of Iranian contemporary cities. A composite method is used: archival research for data collection and qualitative content analysis for data analysis. Our findings indicate that since architecture, urban planning and relevant issues (including spatial and physical transformations) are influenced by different social and cultural relations, Iranian contemporary architecture and urbanism are affected by secularism and its foundations. In order to prove this issue, objective examples and evidence are presented as part of analytical discussions.
Interdisciplinary
M. M. Raeesi
Abstract
In this research this question is addressed: are the physical-spatial changes in contemporary markets of Iran, as a pioneer in promoting the noble values of Islam, in accordance with Islamic principles and values? In this article, through an analysis of religious texts, using qualitative content analysis, ...
Read More
In this research this question is addressed: are the physical-spatial changes in contemporary markets of Iran, as a pioneer in promoting the noble values of Islam, in accordance with Islamic principles and values? In this article, through an analysis of religious texts, using qualitative content analysis, four physical-spatial indicators are deduced for markets; these indicators include the need to mention spiritual truths in physical-spatial structure of market, avoiding the collective social spaces in the market, the alignment of physical market patterns with Islamic identity, and locating the market in meta-local situations. An interdisciplinary analysis was carried out which indicated that the decline in these indicators in contemporary markets is rooted in the contemporary intellectual foundations of the West, whose economic impacts have resulted in the liberal capitalist economic system; one of the most important features of this system is the promotion of the culture of consumerism and a decline in Islamic physical-spatial indicators in contemporary markets, which is in accordance with the requirements of this culture.
