Future Studies of Higher Education
M. Shirvani; M.R. Eivazi; H. Ghasemi
Abstract
The emergence of the trans-disciplinary of futures studies after World War II put aside prophet-like fortune-telling and predictions. This trans-disciplinary, having undergone ups and downs during the recent decades, always tried to provide some scientific propositions about the future. Among these, ...
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The emergence of the trans-disciplinary of futures studies after World War II put aside prophet-like fortune-telling and predictions. This trans-disciplinary, having undergone ups and downs during the recent decades, always tried to provide some scientific propositions about the future. Among these, different approaches and concepts were proposed in the field of futures studies, and each despite commonalities has specific futures and distinctions. One of these most important concepts is the concept of strategic foresight. This paper aims at exploring the quiddity of this concept. First, the significance and position of the strategic foresight in futures studies was defined and delineated, and then the interdisciplinary identity of this concept and its epistemological basis were analyzed. The findings indicated that strategic foresight as an interdisciplinary is progressing, and unlike some other, approaches of futures studies were not associated with failure and decline. This interdisciplinary benefits from some kind of inter-paradigm rationality, and consistent with its features it can be highly efficient in different contexts of long-term planning of the country, especially in economy. Finally, some suggestions were made to pay more attention to and apply strategic foresight in the country.
Interdisciplinary
H. Shojaei; A. Musallaipour; S. Asadbeygi
Abstract
The direct bond between the Qur’an and Muslims’ beliefs is one of the important factors, considered to result in a kind of exclusivism in conducting research on the Qur’an on the part of religious scholars in the Islamic tradition of studying the Qur’an. Due to this kind of control, ...
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The direct bond between the Qur’an and Muslims’ beliefs is one of the important factors, considered to result in a kind of exclusivism in conducting research on the Qur’an on the part of religious scholars in the Islamic tradition of studying the Qur’an. Due to this kind of control, there has always been a restriction as to how the Qur’an must be approached. Thus, the results of these studies have been mainly in accordance with the Islamic beliefs and principles, because the researchers have already been fully familiar with Islam, Islamic theology and the Qur’an. But by the virtue of the changes and developments occurring in science and research and the emergence of interdisciplinary studies and also to avoid exclusivism, a larger number of researchers currently engage in Qur’anic studies. Considering the inevitability of this climate, the sensitivity of research on the Qur’an and necessity of preventing mistakes in this field, it is of great importance to identify theological requirements for Qur’anic study in various fields of research. This article, by focusing on the theological requirements for interdisciplinary research on the Qur’an and using library method, tries to introduce the requirements for this type of research at three levels of epistemology, terminology and methodology so as to develop a proper outline for such research and thus alleviate worries about the results of interdisciplinary Qur’anic studies.
Mojtaba Pourkarim; Alireza SadiqZade Ghamsari; Khosrow Bagheri Noeparast; Mahmoud Mehrmohammadi
Abstract
The aim of this article is explanation of the interdisciplinary research based on ontological assumptions in Roy Bhaskar’s view. According to the research that has been done by description- inductive method, research in Bhaskar’s view is due to transcendental argument, complexity logic, scientific ...
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The aim of this article is explanation of the interdisciplinary research based on ontological assumptions in Roy Bhaskar’s view. According to the research that has been done by description- inductive method, research in Bhaskar’s view is due to transcendental argument, complexity logic, scientific explanation, methodological naturalism and explanatory critic, has interdisciplinary nature. This explanation of interdisciplinary research has an ontological base and is against epistemological approach in interdisciplinary research. According to assumptions of critical realism interdisciplinary research is in the meaning of studying a complex phenomenon at different levels of reality and explanation of its structures and external and internal mechanisms. This explanation of interdisciplinary research criticizes and reforms epistemological interdisciplinary approach. Critics involve: actualism, problem of integration and transdisciplinary. Ontological interdisciplinary research instead of actualism, focuses on explanation of structures and mechanisms that are in the real level. It considers integration as achieving knowledge based on explanation of structures and mechanisms and not as an eclectic approach and instead of transdisciplinary research focuses on keeping and interaction of disciplines. Steps of this research involve: description of an unclear phenomenon, transcendental question, redescription, resolution, integration and praxis. Principles of this research are involve investigate concrete, investigate abstract, explanatory adequacy, elimination and reform, giving alternative, education of interdisciplinary researcher , and attention to minor problems.
Mahmood Motavaseli; Mahmood MashhadiAhmad; Ali Nikoonesbati
Abstract
The elimination of institutions from economic analysis can be thought of as the most important cause in making economics as a separate science. The direct result of this step, which shows the desire of mainstream economics to follow physics in order to get the merit of "science" by wearing mathematical ...
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The elimination of institutions from economic analysis can be thought of as the most important cause in making economics as a separate science. The direct result of this step, which shows the desire of mainstream economics to follow physics in order to get the merit of "science" by wearing mathematical crown, was the dereliction of interdisciplinary studies and disregarding of ethics and politics. So, it can be claimed that, the elimination of institutions is one of the most unpleasant events in the history of economic thought and led this branch of human knowledge in an arena free from reality and full of mathematical abstractions. Regarding this fact, it seems necessary to study the causes of this neglect. This necessity encouraged us to fill the existing gap in the related literature and bring some reasons to light. In order to reach to this goal, using content and textual analysis methods, some major causes of ignoring institutions is identified, among which the following can be pointed: intense desire of some economists to follow physics, their mistake in separating economics from human sciences, the impacts of political events, and a set of epistemological and methodological reasons.
