Higher Education
E. Habibi; A. Manouchehri; T. Miremadi; R. Mahdi
Abstract
The human capital theory has played an important role in the introduction and effectiveness of higher education in the development process. The purpose of this article is to study the human capital theory from the viewpoint of political thought and extract its policy implications in the realm of higher ...
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The human capital theory has played an important role in the introduction and effectiveness of higher education in the development process. The purpose of this article is to study the human capital theory from the viewpoint of political thought and extract its policy implications in the realm of higher education; accordingly, the implicative narrative theory has been used as a conceptual framework and implication research as a methodology. The findings of this paper suggest that the human capital theory based upon utilitarianism provides theoretical and normative bases of an economic approach and market model in higher education. With an overemphasis on the economic dimension of education and giving priority to economic goals, the human capital theory has ignored many other non-economic and intrinsically important functions and goals of the higher education system. This allows the conclusion that the application of human capital theory in higher education suffers from the same reductionist view and shortcomings of utilitarianism, and does not have sufficient theoretical efficacy to offer a comprehensive and multi-dimensional image of the higher education system in the development process.
Communications
H. Khaniki; S. Mousavi
Abstract
Water Withdrawal in Iran is more than the capacity of renewable resources. In addition, Iran is facing a decline in surface water and groundwater. But, it seems the water problem is not well understood in society. Furthermore, there is no consensus in perception of this problem. The media can play an ...
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Water Withdrawal in Iran is more than the capacity of renewable resources. In addition, Iran is facing a decline in surface water and groundwater. But, it seems the water problem is not well understood in society. Furthermore, there is no consensus in perception of this problem. The media can play an important role in this regard. In recent years, as the problem became more serious and its consequences more apparent, media attention to this issue has increased. But, how the media portrays this issue is unclear. So, this study aims to identify the representation of Iran’s water issue in mainstream newspapers. To achieve this goal, quantitative content analysis has been applied and contents of four mainstream newspapers have been reviewed over a period of seven years. Based on the findings, natural factors are the most prominent cause of water problems and the authorities’ views are more and the people’s views are less distinguished in these newspapers. In other words, the content of newspapers is consistent with the government’s views. "Crisis", "Water scarcity" and "drought" are the most highlighted vocabularies in headlines. These words hide the role of people and officials in creating the problem and represents water problem as a natural problem. Furthermore, water is highlighted as a problem that must be addressed by the government and the role of people is reduced to saving. Whereas, a good governance requires involvement of civil society in decision making.
Aliasghar Pourezzat; Ghazale Taheriattar
Abstract
In the most excellent attitude, the aim of nation-building is to form a wise nation. Achieving this important aim requires utilizing varied studies and specialties which makes it necessary to use interdisciplinary studies. These are studies which continuously actualize an evolving nation’s notion ...
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In the most excellent attitude, the aim of nation-building is to form a wise nation. Achieving this important aim requires utilizing varied studies and specialties which makes it necessary to use interdisciplinary studies. These are studies which continuously actualize an evolving nation’s notion in future. On this basis, the dynamic nature of nation-building process in the light of acquired vision by varied scientific disciplines is scrutinized to make it possible to form a good nation building process in the light of governance approach in the context of political and administration science disciplines.
Psychology of Development
A. Mohammadi; H. Malaekeh; M.H. Talebian
Abstract
The theory of learned helplessness was presented by Martin Seligman in the late 60s and the early 70s. According to this theory, the previous mental learning had a tremendous impact on future performance. Learned helplessness is a cognitive process that teaches people that staying in such a state leads ...
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The theory of learned helplessness was presented by Martin Seligman in the late 60s and the early 70s. According to this theory, the previous mental learning had a tremendous impact on future performance. Learned helplessness is a cognitive process that teaches people that staying in such a state leads them to passivity and inactivity, and can keep people stuck in the quagmire of backwardness. Previously, some authors presented articles on the theory of learned helplessness and development, but in this article, the connection between the two and the effect that learned helplessness has on self-concept is discussed. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that play a role in the lack of development of societies in order to guide them to the path of development by raising developed people. In this research, there is a kind of correlation and causal relationship between two variables: the independent variable - the role of learned helplessness - on the dependent variable - development process. The method of collecting data is in the form of library and documentary studies. The difference between the real self and the ideal self is the beginning of tension and intellectual conflict, and such a process is associated with the thinking that no matter how much effort is made to get out of helplessness, success and progress will not be achieved, and this is exactly the basics that Seligman teaches us in Learned Helplessness.
Innovation and Technology
M. Forouzanmehr; M. Hosseini Shakib; S. Shavvalpour; A. Khamseh
Abstract
Innovation capacity is a concept that, under the influence of various factors, plays an important role in increasing the probability of success of the innovation process. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of innovation capacity on innovative performance in start-ups in Fintech, emphasizing ...
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Innovation capacity is a concept that, under the influence of various factors, plays an important role in increasing the probability of success of the innovation process. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of innovation capacity on innovative performance in start-ups in Fintech, emphasizing the role of absorptive capacity and learning capability. The present paper based on a deductive approach that has analyzed this issue by using structural equation modelling method. The statistical population consists of individuals in 48 member companies of the Iranian FinTech Startup Business Association, based on which the number was 279, and the sample size was 160 using IBM Sample Power software. The results showed that innovation capacity has a positive and significant effect on innovative performance. Also, while learning ability has affected both dimensions of absorptive capacity only realized absorptive capacity had a positive and significant effect on innovative performance and innovation capacity.
Sociology
Maryam Amanpour; Mohammad Saeed Zokaei
Abstract
From the Naseri period until now, the body has always been the place of disputes, conflicts and competition between social groups, political parties and different discourses in Iran. Despite this, studies of the body in general and the study of the relationship between the political system and the body ...
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From the Naseri period until now, the body has always been the place of disputes, conflicts and competition between social groups, political parties and different discourses in Iran. Despite this, studies of the body in general and the study of the relationship between the political system and the body in Iran in particular is a nascent field that has not received serious attention from academic circles in Iran. The current research is a systematic review of the researches conducted in this field during the last two decades. Such a study, in addition to providing an analysis of the approaches, methods, issues, and findings of these studies, and reviewing the weaknesses and strengths of the existing research, can reveal the neglected spaces and fields. In this area, identify and lead to a deeper understanding of the issue of the body as a social and political construct in Iranian modernity. Therefore, relying on the analysis of the content and themes of the sources reviewed in this article, we are looking for a systematic analysis of the problem analysis, theoretical and methodological foundations of the existing studies. The research findings show; Most of these researches show the dominant influence of the researches from the culture policy approach and attitudes and positions related to it. Also, the role of the body in the formation process of the modern nation state, as well as cultural, historical and social gaps in Iran is the most important issue that researchers have addressed.
Ahmad Pakatchi
Abstract
When requisites of interdisciplinary studies are discussed from a linguistic angle, this non-prescribed field of science is expected to come up with models to describe different aspects of relationship among scientific languages, so that requisites could be deduced under prescribed conditions. According ...
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When requisites of interdisciplinary studies are discussed from a linguistic angle, this non-prescribed field of science is expected to come up with models to describe different aspects of relationship among scientific languages, so that requisites could be deduced under prescribed conditions. According to existing ideas in different fields of human sciences about the relationship between language and thought, expansion of interlanguage relations due to contacts among different fields of science is a tool to develop thought and new horizons which are offered by those sciences. This will show the sensitive role of language in relation to sciences, on the one hand, while on the other hand, intensifying concerns that may result from abnormalities in inter-language relations. Attention to some aspects of scientific language like differentiation between objective and historical aspects is essential for regulation of these relations and considering historical concepts as being objective or the opposite, can have destructive effects on interdisciplinary relations. Terminologies that are affected by other sciences which can be evaluated through a historical linguistic approach will be only worrisome when origins of those terms cannot be realized correctly or they are mixed or considered synonymous with other terms. Some infrastructural studies such as finding about linguistic genealogy of scientific languages as well as some case studies on genealogical, typological, and contact relations among languages can ensure more usefulness of interdisciplinary studies. Moreover, it seems that development of some study models may lead to emergence of methods to study how scientific courses can be linked and mechanism through which concepts are exchanged among them.
Muhammad Hadi Yaghoubnezhad
Abstract
The present paper is organized to explain about science and it’s organizing to provide a solution proportionate to the Islamic humanities issues in which seeking answers to these questions from the perspective of management as the pervasive element in any job and human environment, for the engineering ...
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The present paper is organized to explain about science and it’s organizing to provide a solution proportionate to the Islamic humanities issues in which seeking answers to these questions from the perspective of management as the pervasive element in any job and human environment, for the engineering and organizing of the humanities will be presented. Since the humanities is the spirit of all sciences, it can be used to assist others and in addition to the physical aspects of humanities also effective in spiritual aspects as well, deserves to be considered as an interdisciplinary requirement. Hence it is required to properly and according to the principles, be organized andmanaged so to construct the basis of evolution and science production. Engineering and management of the sesciences by using knowledge-based systems and technological tools, is of importance and fundamental analysed in this paper.
Farooghamin Mozafari; Mohammadbagher Alizadeaghdam; Akram Bakhshikhilgavani
Abstract
Disability is a social phenomenon that in medical science interpreted as a physiological disability. There is this social reality in every society and interpret differently according with social conditions and thoughts of individuals in society. These interpretations effect on interaction of people ...
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Disability is a social phenomenon that in medical science interpreted as a physiological disability. There is this social reality in every society and interpret differently according with social conditions and thoughts of individuals in society. These interpretations effect on interaction of people with disabilities, attitude of disabilities to self disability and him/her reaction to this situation. Family, friends and entourage can effect on “self-image” of disabilities. In This research, subjective dimension of disability considered as a social problem through emphasis on knowledge factor and structure of mind of disabilities. So has been used of Constructionist theoretical approach. The aims of this research are recognition of Social construction of disability, reaction of disabilities to that and highlighting subjective dimension of disability. Methods of data collection include participatory observation, partnership in group therapy meetings and depth interview and have been used of grounded theory for data analysis. Results show disabilities image themselves unable by other people, which always needed help. They thought only time they can have happiness life is when earn their healthy.
Hadi Dadmehr
Abstract
The necessity of establishing the scientific relationship between the two fields of international relations (IR) and international law (IL) has been ignored for years in Iran. Prior to the presidency of Hassan Rouhani, the Iranian students were banned from any kind of interdeciplinary study In spite ...
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The necessity of establishing the scientific relationship between the two fields of international relations (IR) and international law (IL) has been ignored for years in Iran. Prior to the presidency of Hassan Rouhani, the Iranian students were banned from any kind of interdeciplinary study In spite of numerous possible collaborations between IL and IR. But is it possible to have a good analysis of international phenomenon’s by adopting mono disciplinary approaches? This article is an attempt to respond to the above question, and to portray the complex mutual interaction between IL and IR in international security agreements. This article is the first to introduce the concept of Reputation building to the Persian community of researchers. We seek to use the comparative methodology and argue how the reputations of a state in international relations could overflow into areas of international law.
COVID-19 Crisis
H. Afrasiabi; M. Baharluoei
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic affected the world and different dimensions of individual and social life. We used an interpretative and interdisciplinary approach in order to explore emotional, interactional, economic and social layers. The participants included 43 youth users of social media that selected by purposeful ...
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COVID-19 pandemic affected the world and different dimensions of individual and social life. We used an interpretative and interdisciplinary approach in order to explore emotional, interactional, economic and social layers. The participants included 43 youth users of social media that selected by purposeful sampling method. Semi structured interview conducted in order to data gathering. The interviews texts were analyzed with theoretical coding technique (open, axial and selective coding). By coding process, 7 main categories constructed including, phsycho-behavioral pressure, self-care improvement, limitation of interactions, life facilities limitation, spiritual reflexivity, media bitterness and self-review and retrieval. Finally, the suspension in fear and reflexivity emerged as core category that covered all concepts and categories. Under corona pandemic conditions, relations and skills was evaluated and revised in some cases. Youth participants, perceived this conditions as a time for being by their self and tried to change attitudes to self and the world. Coronavirus emerged like a crisis, and same as any other crisis in human life led to fundamental changes in subjectivity. Our view of the globe and globality was changed and we found that all human kind around the word is face with same risks and threats. This can improve our global awareness.
Azime sadat Khakbaz; Jamile Alamolhoda; Nematollah Mosapour; Esmaeil Babolian
Abstract
The aim of this study is the introduction of a kind of integrative and interdisciplinary knowledge for university teaching. This kind of knowledge is a special integration of pedagogical knowledge and specific content knowledge which university teacher supposed to teach that and it is called pedagogical ...
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The aim of this study is the introduction of a kind of integrative and interdisciplinary knowledge for university teaching. This kind of knowledge is a special integration of pedagogical knowledge and specific content knowledge which university teacher supposed to teach that and it is called pedagogical content knowledge(PCK). Although this knowledge is known as the most influential kind of teaching knowledge which could make the university teaching discourse more specific, the nature of that is vague in higher education curriculum. The reason of being vague is related to the interdisciplinarity nature of this kind of knowledge. This paper would anatomy this kind of knowledge which has an integrative nature. To this aim, the subject of mathematics has been selected as a case study. Data of this study have been collected through semi-structured interviews and observations from 27 of university mathematics teachers who were in a spectrum from beginner to the teachers with more than 30 years of experience. Data were analyzed through coding and making themes and resulted in a model with 4 main themes. This model makes a more discussable about this kind of knowledge an university teaching. Furthermore, it could make an appropriate framework for designing interdisciplinary fields of study which are the result of integration of two kinds of knowledge of pedagogy and specific field like mathematics and science.
Adel Peyghami; Farzad Sarparast sadat
Abstract
Standard economics lonely is not able to answer a lot of various questions that we face today. So to solve these kinds of problems non-disciplinary approaches have been produced to answer these questions that a discipline lonely is not able to answer them. In This research first we review the whole Non-disciplinary ...
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Standard economics lonely is not able to answer a lot of various questions that we face today. So to solve these kinds of problems non-disciplinary approaches have been produced to answer these questions that a discipline lonely is not able to answer them. In This research first we review the whole Non-disciplinary approaches and then we discuss economic psychology as a cross-disciplinary approach. By study of this approach we can achieve new indexes that had not been studied in standard economics so far and use subjective utility to compute utility of friendship, self esteem and respect that were not attended in standard economics up to now. Also we would present Quantitative methods to account welfare carefully.
Alireza Moghaddam
Abstract
This article touches upon how virtual instruction, as an interdisciplinary window, might facilitate knowledge construction. In order to do so, an online educational platform and its capabilities are explored, and examples of collaboration are given. Then these examples are analyzed to figure out how ...
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This article touches upon how virtual instruction, as an interdisciplinary window, might facilitate knowledge construction. In order to do so, an online educational platform and its capabilities are explored, and examples of collaboration are given. Then these examples are analyzed to figure out how online collaboration could set the stage for knowledge construction. Participants included a number of preservice teachers who took a mathematics education course which was offered blended. The participants were put into groups of 6-9, and were asked to solve and discuss mathematical questions as well as how to teach them to elementary school students. Grounded theory method was applied to make sense of the data, and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory of learning was used as a lens to look at the social environment. Findings show that knowledge construction is likely to happen in two forms, individual or social. When there is no reference to other postings or responses to an individual from any of the group members, individual knowledge construction is taking place. Conversely, when preservice teachers collaborate on an issue to help each other build knowledge of pedagogy and that of subject matter, knowledge construction is more social in nature. Moreover, the instructor's role, and capabilities of the platform are amongst the factors affecting knowledge construction.
Mahdi FatehRad; Reza Jalilvand; MohammadMahdi Mowlaei; Saeid Samiie; Leila Nasrolahi Vasati
Abstract
Futures research is transdisciplinary knowledge to understand the changes and futures. In the context of interdisciplinary methodology, current study reviews the paradigms of futures studies referring to typology of Joseph Voros and introduces five research paradigms including Positivism, Post-positivism, ...
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Futures research is transdisciplinary knowledge to understand the changes and futures. In the context of interdisciplinary methodology, current study reviews the paradigms of futures studies referring to typology of Joseph Voros and introduces five research paradigms including Positivism, Post-positivism, Criticalism, Constructivism and Participatory. The differences and similarities of these paradigms in the levels of anthology, epistemology, and methodology would be discussed and then, characteristics of each paradigm in terms of research purpose, status of researcher, nature of knowledge, and accumulated knowledge would be argued. In the next step, the main techniques and methods of futures studies such Trend Impact Analysis, Delphi, Scenarios, Causal Layered Analysis, and etc. are discussed. Further, we try to identify the status of each technique and method in the five mentioned methodologies. Finally, we introduce Integral futures approach as a newest methodology in futures studies to consider how this meta-paradigm is used in the area of futures studies.
Mohammad Hosein Hasani
Abstract
Methodology of interdisciplinary social sciences has been evolved during the time and has been faced with fundamental challenges; in the beginning, it has experienced positivistic paradigm and quantitative approach in understanding social phenomena and later recognized that this approach is not appropriate ...
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Methodology of interdisciplinary social sciences has been evolved during the time and has been faced with fundamental challenges; in the beginning, it has experienced positivistic paradigm and quantitative approach in understanding social phenomena and later recognized that this approach is not appropriate for understanding all aspects of social phenomenon. So, inspired by interpretive, has been focused on qualitative methods and turned his attention from the outer layers to the inner layers of social reality. Along with strengthening qualitative approaches, a considerable intellectual divide between qualitative and quantitative researchers. This divide, emerging primarily as confrontation later as collaboration, helped raising the third wave of methodology; mixed methods based on pragmatism. Mixed methodologist and interdisciplinary researchers intended to make something new and without a special emphasis, integrate quantitative and qualitative approaches for better understanding of social phenomena. Using documentary method, this paper introduces the basic concepts of mixed methodology.
7th Development Plan in Iran
F. Mansouri; Z. Moradi; H. Javanmard
Abstract
In a dynamic society, economic enterprises, in addition to the necessity of complying with organizational norms and attempts to achieve greater efficiency, should move in the direction of satisfying the surrounding society under the title of "Corporate Social Responsibility" (CSR). The needs of today's ...
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In a dynamic society, economic enterprises, in addition to the necessity of complying with organizational norms and attempts to achieve greater efficiency, should move in the direction of satisfying the surrounding society under the title of "Corporate Social Responsibility" (CSR). The needs of today's society push organizations to fulfill their social responsibilities for ethical work in a philanthropic way. Such behaviors are more manifested in the critical conditions and its necessity is doubled. The Covid-19 pandemic affected the health, economy, governance, etc. The economic domain, especially the performance of companies, has been the one impacted by this disease. In this article, while examining the effects of the coronavirus on the performance of economic units, the necessity of the 7th plan's attention to this aspect has been taken into account. For this purpose, the performance of companies was studied in the period of 2014 to 2019. The statistical sample included 113 companies that were selected through screening. The results of the hypothesis test showed that the Covid-19 had affected the performance of companies, but it did not have a significant effect in terms of production. The attention of companies to social responsibilities increased, but in practice, there was an increase in the price of products. The assumption of this article is social responsibility, a concept linked with social, cultural and economic components in critical situations, which can be an effective factor, while strengthening social and human foundations, helping governments and the society.
Interdisciplinary
R. Akbari; M. S. Torabzadeh Jahromi; M. Habibi
Abstract
The most basic step in policy analysis is problem structuring. If the problem is not correctly formulated, it will not have the right solution. Misunderstanding of the problem situation or its negligence, as for example in the field of justice, will at best lead to putting forward a good solution to ...
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The most basic step in policy analysis is problem structuring. If the problem is not correctly formulated, it will not have the right solution. Misunderstanding of the problem situation or its negligence, as for example in the field of justice, will at best lead to putting forward a good solution to an incorrect problem. Therefore, correct analysis of the conditions of justice issues is necessary for the production of the right solution. Due to the lack of analytical tools in the field of justice decision-making and performance, this article seeks to design an algorithm of problem situation analysis as a tool in a step-by-step analysis of the justice problem situation. The task is carried out through extracting analytical elements and dimensions from justice literature, especially influential theories of justice. The algorithm of problem situation analysis in justice research includes seven dimensions: philosophical foundations, context, actor, the variable of the creator of right, object of distribution, time and result. Decision makers in the analysis of problem situation define their views relative to the elements of each of these dimensions. This work raises self-awareness in the decision-makers and policy-makers in relation to intervention characteristics. With using this algorithm, we can explain what, when, on which view, in what condition, by whom, to whom, with what criteria, and for the realization of which outcome will be or should be distributed.
Z. Najafi; M. Mani; M. Kalantari
Abstract
Humanism was introduced to psychologists through Maslow and Rogers’s views in the twentieth century. This school deals with the human needs and his innate tendencies. Utopia, exalted experiences, religious experiences, high motivations and human nature are among Maslow and Rogers’s ideas. Attar, ...
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Humanism was introduced to psychologists through Maslow and Rogers’s views in the twentieth century. This school deals with the human needs and his innate tendencies. Utopia, exalted experiences, religious experiences, high motivations and human nature are among Maslow and Rogers’s ideas. Attar, one of the greatest Muslim mystics of the 6th and 7th centuries has also considered these subjects in his poems and has tried to explain and interpret them. Many of Attar’s ideas can be explained using ideas and principles in humanism and it can be highlighted that he has tried to advance some theories in this field. In fact, it is obvious that, like many other mystics, Attar has utilized psychological concepts in his teachings, and his ideas and theories in this regard can be unraveled through scholarly research on his writings on the part of experts in psychology. On the other hand, to interpret many of the mystical ideas, it is necessary to be familiar with some theories in psychology. The present research, as a descriptive-analytical research, tries to explain Attar’s ideas about human needs, perfect man, exalted experiences and high motivation using the ideas and principles in humanism.
H. Sojasi Qeidari; T. Sadeqlou; A. Shahdadi
Abstract
Globalization has different effects on human life, which are more noticeable in rural areas than in cities. Thus, the present article aims to study the effects of globalization on lifestyle in rural areas. The methodology in this research is descriptive-analytical; and to collect data in the theoretical ...
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Globalization has different effects on human life, which are more noticeable in rural areas than in cities. Thus, the present article aims to study the effects of globalization on lifestyle in rural areas. The methodology in this research is descriptive-analytical; and to collect data in the theoretical section of the study the library method has been used and in the field study questionnaires have been employed. In the present study, the residents of Roshanabad in Gorgan, composed of 24 villages, are included; using Cochran sampling method, 265 families were selected as sample. The results of the study show that the effects of globalization can be detected in all aspects and indexes of lifestyle, and according to participants in the study, some changes are occurring in lifestyle in the rural society. The regression testing indicated a Beta coefficient of 0.328 for most changes happening in lifestyle as a result of globalization. It can be said that since Iranian villages are experiencing a transition from tradition to modernity or even postmodernity, different aspects of lifestyle are somehow mingled; young people in rural areas show a tendency toward urban lifestyle while older people prefer local rural lifestyle.
H. R. Rahmanizade Dehkordi
Abstract
One way to learn how to write an academic article is by analyzing some good and effective articles and taking lessons from them. In this way, I have chosen two articles from two different political positions, i.e. “The End of History” by Francis Fukuyama from the Right and “Modernity, ...
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One way to learn how to write an academic article is by analyzing some good and effective articles and taking lessons from them. In this way, I have chosen two articles from two different political positions, i.e. “The End of History” by Francis Fukuyama from the Right and “Modernity, Unfinished/Incomplete Project” by Jürgen Habermas from the Left. The prime purpose of this paper is to provide a translation and summary of Fukuyama’s article and the second objective is to analyze the text for extracting some theses, assumptions, research questions , etc. and finally is to compare these lessons with those that I have learned from analyzing the Habermas’s article (that I have published in a philosophical academic journal “Hekmat Va Falsafeh”). The author shows how these experiences can provide some criteria for writing academic articles and evaluating them. As we see in this paper, identifying a radical thesis, supporting it with convincing evidence and reasons and making a contribution to the body of knowledge, is the most characteristic feature of a good and academic article. Furthermore, we show that how two articles can be used as interdisciplinary methods for developing themes and ideas in a discourse.
Interdisciplinary
F. Mohammadi; A. Maleki
Abstract
Nowadays the concept of social capital is one of the most popular concepts in sociological studies. Some experts believe that social capital is among the most important factors with a significant part in individuals’ success in achieving their goals. So, the main purpose of this study is to analyze ...
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Nowadays the concept of social capital is one of the most popular concepts in sociological studies. Some experts believe that social capital is among the most important factors with a significant part in individuals’ success in achieving their goals. So, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between social capital and the nutritional knowledge of athletes. For this purpose, the theoretical framework and hypotheses of the research are set based on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory. The statistical population of the research includes 2300 athletes in the 2014 Sports Championship held at Shahid Beheshti University; 310 persons were selected by means of Morgan’s table and the stratified sampling method. The survey method and questionnaires were employed to collect the data. The findings of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between social capital and the nutritional knowledge of athletes.
Accounting
H. Shafiei; A. Khodamipour; M. Dastgir
Abstract
In recent years, the social and environmental responsibility of businesses and the influencing variables were considered by environmental activists and different groups using financial reports of the businesses. Social responsibility of companies is of “business ethics”, which deals with ...
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In recent years, the social and environmental responsibility of businesses and the influencing variables were considered by environmental activists and different groups using financial reports of the businesses. Social responsibility of companies is of “business ethics”, which deals with the role of companies in social domain. Business social responsibility is a set of tasks and commitments, which the firm should fulfill them in order to maintain, take care, and help the community operating in which. In addition, the impact of macroeconomic aspects, such as Gross Domestic Products (GDP), inflation, and rate of return without risk, on social and environmental responsibility of companies is of great concern to environmental activists. The current study aimed at evaluating the association between macroeconomics indices and changes in the level of social and environmental disclosure noted in financial reports and notes. The current quasi-experimental interdisciplinary study, covering accounting and economics, was conducted on 79 companies from 2001 to 2014. The multivariate regression and table data analysis were used for theory testing using the fixed effect method. To assess the social and environmental responsibility, the KLD index was employed. Results of data analysis and theory testing showed no significant association between macroeconomics indices- such as inflation and GDP- and changes in the level of social and environmental responsibility of the firms.
Demography
A. Abdollahi; M. Rezaee
Abstract
Nowadays, international migration is one of the most important factors affecting population dynamics and changes, which has also turned the attention of both researchers and policymakers. Understanding factors that underlie the desire to migrate has an impact on future migration tendencies and trends. ...
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Nowadays, international migration is one of the most important factors affecting population dynamics and changes, which has also turned the attention of both researchers and policymakers. Understanding factors that underlie the desire to migrate has an impact on future migration tendencies and trends. The aim of the present study is to identify the extent of Iranians' desire to go abroad and the impact of demographic-contextual and structural factors on it. The methodology applied here is the secondary analysis of micro-data of the National Social Capital Survey of 2018. The sample includes 17078 people aged 18 and above living in 31 provinces of the country. According to the research findings, 42% of the respondents are willing to emigrate and are considered as potential immigrants. The results showed that people with a tendency to emigrate are often single, young (18 to 49 years old), with university education, middle class and living in cities. Also, the results of bivariate analysis of the relationship between structural factors (social satisfaction, social hope and vitality, sense of social security and assessment of the future of the country) showed that all these have a negative and significant connection with the tendency to emigrate abroad. Finally, based on the results of multivariate analysis (logistic regression), by controlling demographic and contextual variables, the level of social hope and vitality and the assessment of future situation of the country, still have a significant effect on the tendency to migrate.
Ahmad Shabani
Abstract
This study indicates that essential perceptions and scholarly conceptions in social sciences are remarkably distinguished from each other. They are individualism, holism, collectivism, and systemism. It further deals with the point that socio-economic factors and institutions have a causative interrelation. ...
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This study indicates that essential perceptions and scholarly conceptions in social sciences are remarkably distinguished from each other. They are individualism, holism, collectivism, and systemism. It further deals with the point that socio-economic factors and institutions have a causative interrelation. An independent and isolated study of these institutions can never give a true and proper understanding of these issues. This goal is not achievable but through synthetic and interdisciplinary conceptions including holistic, and systemic methods.
