Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities

Ecological civilization in Iran: The role of Qanats and Ab-anbars in environmental sustainability

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Author

Habib Sharafi Safa

Assistant Professor, Department of History, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22035/isih.2026.5494.5126
Abstract
Iran faces a persistent shortage of surface water and rising environmental pressures. Qanāts (subterranean aqueducts) and ab-anbārs (water reservoirs) are historic storage and distribution systems that regulate land use and symbolize an ecological civilization balancing human needs with local ecosystems. Using these systems as an analytical framework, this study assesses environmental sustainability under climate change and population pressures and clarifies Iran’s water governance context. Drawing on historical analyses, hydrological data, and models of water variability, the research clarifies relationships among water heritage, land use, and urban development, underscoring the need for an integrated water-policy approach, ecosystem protection, and enhanced socio-environmental resilience. Applying a descriptive-analytic method with document and library analyses, the study examines traditional water-supply systems and presents data, historical evidence, and cross-cultural experiences as exemplars addressing Iran’s water crisis. Findings suggest regeneration and distribution mechanisms remain adaptable to climate change but require institutional and technological improvements.

Keywords

ecological civilization
environment
water management
Qanāts
Ab-anbārs

Subjects

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Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities
Volume 17, Issue 4 - Serial Number 68
Ecological Civilization
Autumn 2025
Pages 33-59

  • Receive Date 24 April 2025
  • Revise Date 27 July 2025
  • Accept Date 12 August 2025

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